30 October 2017 EQ – What is the Old Kingdom & the importance of religion in Ancient Egypt? Bellringer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BB08gwNE-d0 Discuss Document Analysis Three Kingdoms - GRAPES HW: Geography (be able to label everything on map and explain some of the natural barriers of Egypt)/Document Analysis Assessment Tomorrow

Document Analysis Check What is it? – Hymn (song – usually religious to praise a god) or poem is okay, too Date – c. 2100 BCE Title – Hymn to the Nile Primary Source This hymn was written during the ancient Egyptian time period, by a person living in that era. It is a literature piece that gives insight to their religion/belief system.

Speaker – Unknown Occasion – Praising the Nile Audience – Nile/Gods of Egypt Purpose – This hymn was written to persuade the Nile to continue its flooding in order to bring life to Egypt. Perhaps this was also written to entertain the people of Egypt and/or the Gods – in order to please them. Subject – Nile River Tone – Joy, happiness

GIST This is a song written to the Nile River by the people of Egypt. It praises the Nile River and thanks it for its gifts to Egypt. For example, the people thank the Nile for its yearly floods.

The Three Kingdoms of Egypt

The Three Kingdoms of Egypt Old – 2700 BC – 2200 BC Middle – 2200 BC – 2050 BC New - 1550 BC – 1050 BC

Social Structure Pharaoh Nobles (Officials & Priests) Often related to the Pharaoh Merchants, Scribes & Craftspeople Farmers ~ 80% of the population! ---------------------------------------------- Servants & Slaves

Social Structure Scribes were highly honored – they worked for the government and temples. Many became very wealthy. Most Egyptian women were devoted to their homes & families, but some had jobs outside of the home. Women had some legal rights – they could own land, have contracts & divorce their husbands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PPk2y_n49g – Looking Good Ancient Egyptian Style

Economy Egyptians traded with their neighbors. Ex: wood perfume and medicine gold, ivory, and stone

Economy

Political System - Government Ruled by strong pharaohs who were thought to be both king and god. During the Old Kingdom, the king of Egypt (not called the Pharaoh until the New Kingdom) became a living god, who ruled absolutely and could demand the services and wealth of his subjects

Political System - Government 1st Pharaoh - Menes Last Pharaoh - Cleopatra

Achievements Writing Hieroglyphics Book of the Dead Use of Papyrus Paper Boats Sandals Rope Architecture Pyramids Sphinx Obelisk Art Advancements in style Jewelry

Achievements

Religion Polytheistic Religion Much of the religion focused on the afterlife Built large temples and pyramids for burial and the afterlife. (It was only during the Old Kingdom that the pyramids were built.) They symbolized the pharaoh’s importance & the shape symbolized the pharaoh’s journey to the afterlife…. But they were $$$$ & eventually made the kingdom go broke & help bring an end to the Old Kingdom http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-egypt/videos/deconstructing-history-the-great-pyramid

https://vimeo.com/51091940

Religion Split to 3 Ba (soul) Ka (life force ) Akh (“effectiveness”) Human headed bird Ka (life force ) spirit double Akh (“effectiveness”)

Book of the Dead ~ Weighing of the Heart Ceremony (New Kingdom)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/launch_gms_mummy_maker.shtml Now….you try it! http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=horrible+histories+egypt+mummy&qpvt=horrible+historeis+egypt+mummy&FORM=VDRE#view=detail&mid=97CAFF1E451255B733B097CAFF1E451255B733B0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kFVgHwEkLE