Volcanic Landforms

Landforms From Lava and Ash Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cone Volcanoes Composite Volcanoes Lava Plateaus Calderas Soils

Shield Volcanoes Formed from lava flows Wide Gently-sloped Mountain Low-viscosity lava

Cinder Cone Volcanoes Formed from pyroclastic flows Steeply-sloped Cone-shaped Hill or small mountain High viscosity magma

Composite Volcanoes Formed from both lava flows and pyroclastic flows Layers of pyroclastic material and lava Gently sloped base and steep peak Mountain Snow on peak all year long

Lava Plateaus High, level areas from lava flows Lava flows out of cracks Low viscosity “Floods” of lava

Caldera Huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain Fills with water

Soils Volcanic material is loaded with minerals Very fertile (able to support plant growth)

Landforms From Magma Volcanic Necks Dikes Sills Batholiths Dome Mountains

Volcanic Necks Leftover pipe from an eroded volcano

Dike Magma intrusion that cuts through rock layers Can be thick or thin

Sill Magma intrusion that lies parallel with rock layers Can be thick or thin

Batholith HUGE block of cooled magma that can cover huge amounts of area Gets lifted up through plate tectonics

Dome Mountain Magma cools underground Gets lifted up Looks like a dome

Geothermal Activity Hot Springs Geysers Geothermal Energy

Hot Springs Water heated by magma Rises to the surface of the Earth

Geyser Hot spring that has a plugged up vent/opening Traps the gas Causes the water to explode..

Geothermal Energy Water heated by magma Water trapped Turns turbine Makes energy