Measure of Filling & Emptying Effectiveness….

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Presentation transcript:

Measure of Filling & Emptying Effectiveness…. Engine Breathing P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Measure of Filling & Emptying Effectiveness….

A Global Measure of Breathing Effectiveness Volumetric efficiency a measure of overall effectiveness of engine and its intake and exhaust system as a natural breathing system. Volumetric efficiency is defined as:

Significance of Reference Density If the air density a,0 is evaluated at inlet manifold conditions, the volumetric efficiency is a measure of breathing performance of the cylinder, inlet port and valve. If the air density a,0 is evaluated at ambient conditions, the volumetric efficiency is a measure of overall intake and exhaust system and other engine features. The full load value of volumetric efficiency is a design feature of entire engine system.

Engine Respiratory System

Transient Pressure in manifolds & Cylinder Exhaust Pipe 3 2 1

Transient Pressure in Manifolds 1200RPM 4800RPM

Computation of Intake Process : SI Engine FUEL SI Engine

Instantaneous Heat Transfer During Intake Process

Total Mass of mixture inhaled during Intake Process FUEL

Instantaneous mass flow Rate and Cumulate Mass

Computation of Exhaust Process : SI Engine Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke

Stream Tube formed by Flow Through Valves Equivalent Converging-Diverging Nozzle Configurations: Mild Separation. Severe Separation

Instantaneous minimum Available Flow area: Low Lift For low lift valves, the minimum available flow area corresponds to a frustum of right circular cone. The annular space between valve and seat forms the minimum flow area perpendicular to the seat. The range of valve lift for generation of right angle cones The minimum area is:

Instantaneous minimum Available Flow area : Intermediate Lift For the second stage, the minimum area is still the frustum of a right circular cone. However, this flow area is not perpendicular to the valve seat. The base angle of the cone increases from (900-) toward that of a cylinder. For range of valve lift for this stage: Dm is mean diameter of seat :

Instantaneous minimum Available Flow area : High Lift When the valve lift is sufficiently large, the minimum flow area is no longer between the valve head and seat. It is the port area minus the sectional area of the valve stem. Then,

Valve Lift Vs Flow Area Curves