Working Group on the Teaching Profession ADEA Biennale 2008 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Session 6: Issues of Quality and Relevance of Post-Primary Education: Demand and Supply of Teachers for Post-Primary Education, Curriculum and Skills Development PROVISION OF TEACHERS AND EDUCATION PERSONNEL: the impact on the quality of education delivery in post-primary Virgilio Juvane Working Group on the Teaching Profession Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye

ADEA Biennale 2008 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Problem statement Pressure on secondary education structures as result of massive expansion of primary level. Limited capacity to supply enough and qualified teachers and education personnel. Objective: to identify policies, strategies, practices and initiatives in the preparation and provision of teachers and education managers for post-primary level. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye

ADEA Biennale 2008 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Research methodology Five countries (Ghana, Togo, Mozambique, Uganda and Zambia) undertook in-country field work using common framework. Inception workshop with the country teams. Discussion of the findings of the country teams. Synthesis report identifies major needs in the training of teachers and other professionals. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye

Main results ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Main results The main challenge facing countries: to provide sufficient qualified teachers and maintain the gains in teacher supply to primary/basic sub-sector. Active planning for primary/basic level and less advanced for secondary and largely absent for TVET. Many primary teachers ‘promoted’ to post-primary. General under-supply of teachers for PPE and particularly in sciences and mathematics. Education personnel drawn from the teaching force and they receive little or no training for their new role. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye

Main lessons learned ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Main lessons learned Encouragement given to private sector to train teachers. Implication: accreditation, certification and deployment. Evident significant ‘reality gap’ between what has been planned for and what is actually implemented. Trend towards preparing PPE teachers with two, rather than a single teaching subject. Introduction of incentives – housing, rural allowances, ‘double shift’ allowances, access to study leave… Radically change of the role of the teachers’ unions. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye

Conclusions: Main messages ADEA Biennale 2008 6 July 2018 ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Conclusions: Main messages Demand for teachers continues to outstrip the supply, not only for PPE, but also for primary/basic sub-sector. Need to address management and funding of teacher education. Adjust the different teacher education functions to the context – preservice, initial, inservice, and continuing professional development. Policy options regarding the model of PP institutions – curriculum; teachers required and specialisation; size; and geographic location. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education Mamadou Ndoye