Impact of climatic events on cork growth and production

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Presentation transcript:

Impact of climatic events on cork growth and production Carla Leite Vanda Oliveira Helena Pereira

Centro de Estudos Florestais – ISA, ULisboa 146 members - 98 PhD ForEco - Forest ecology ForBio - Sustainable management of biotic resources, ecosystem quality and services ForChange - Forest ecosystem management under global change ForTec - Forest products and biorefineries Wood knowledge and product innovation Biorefineries and green chemistry Cork chain and non-wood forest products Dendroknowledge

Starting point Increasing drought frequency and severity are expected in the Mediterranean regions. Study of the sensitivity of cork growth to extreme drought events: 10 sites in Coruche (1128 cork samples) 24-year chronology (1986-2009) Study of the effect of a drought event along cork production cycle: 3 sites in Coruche (224 cork samples) 13-year chronology (1999-2011)

Annual precipitation (mm) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1990 558.2 1991 403.3 1992 442.2 1993 609.8 1994 501.0 1995 605.8 1996 988.0 1997 999.8 1998 445.0 1999 637.4 2000 790.3 2001 796.5 2002 754.6 Annual precipitation (mm) Cork growth decreases with drought conditions

Dendrochronological approach Growth ring (mm) standardization Growth index

Growth decrease in 1995, 1999 and 2005. Cork growth recovers quickly after a year of extreme dryness once water availability is secured.

Drought index (SPEI) and cork growth index Apr 7 months – Winter conditions before growing season; Aug 4 months – Late Spring conditions of the growing season

Effect of a drought along the production cycle The age of the phellogen has no effect on the response of the tree to a drought event (2005) and on its recovery.

Conclusions: Cork growth decreases in 1995, 1999 and 2005 correlated with extreme drought events of 1994-1995, 1998-1999 and 2004-2005. Cork growth rapidly recovers when drought conditions end. Cork growth decrease is expected leading to narrower annual rings and a consequent decrease of cork thickness. Strong signal for forest managers to water the cork oak trees and/or to enlarge the cork growing cycles of cork.

Thank you! Carla Leite cleite@isa.ulisboa.pt