The Renaissance Topic 7 Chapter 9 Lesson 1 Leonardo da Vinci The Renaissance Topic 7 Chapter 9 Lesson 1

The Italian States Middle Ages, Italy did not have a centralized government City-states remained independent FIVE major city-states Milan Venice Florence Rome Naples

City-States (Northern Italy) Milan: trade route, coastal cities, and the Alps. Visconti Family= Dukes of Milan Sforza Family (mid 1400s) conquers Milan and becomes the Dukes Both families establish a strong central state Taxes = revenue for government (city became rich $$$)

City-States (Northern Italy) Venice: trade between Asia and Western Europe Was a republic Republic= Elected leaders Small group of wealthy merchants ran government

City-States (Northern Italy) Florence: small group of wealthy merchants controlled government 1434 Medici family Florence was the cultural center of Italy

Italian States vs the Church Wealthy Italian states were strong Power of the church declines Church doctrines ignored 1400s Florence economy declines due to competition from the English and Flemish (cloth/clothing) The Dominician preacher (Savonarola) condemned corruption and excess of Medici Family leads to him in power. Later due to his restrictions on swearing and music, sentenced to death for hersey. Medici’s return to Florence

Rome (Central Italy) Controlled by the church

Naples (Southern Italy) Ruled by hereditary monarchy 1494 French occupied Naples Naples ask Spain for help= 30 year battle 1527 Charles I of Spain promises $$ Smashes the gates of Naples, the troops went crazy Spanish dominate Naples

Machiavelli: The Prince Explains how to get and keep political power. Four Principle Ideas: Morality is unrelated to politics Humans are motivated by self-interest Leaders must do good when possible but prepare to do evil when necessary The ends justify the means.

Renaissance Society Renaissance society was divided into THREE social classes. Clergy Nobility Peasants

Clergy: Church Leaders The Nobility: held political posts, advised the King. Had to abide by a certain conduct: educated, interest in the arts and graceful Peasants & Townspeople: Majority of Population Patricians: trade, industry Burghers: shopkeepers, artisans Workers: lived miserable

Family Parents arranged marriages to strengthen business or family ties. (2 or 3 years old) Father: Center of Family Made decisions for child’s life Managed finances Mother: Raised children Managed house

Boys Became adults when they reached a certain age, moved out or were emancipated (freed) by father Girls Never became adults while father lived Unless emancipated (freed)

Let’s Review Which family governed Florence? Describe the family structure in Italian society?