Figurative Language in Latin Poetry

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Presentation transcript:

Figurative Language in Latin Poetry Literary Devices Figurative Language in Latin Poetry

Anaphora quod facit, quod fugat (Ovid Metamorphoses) Nihilne te praesidium Palati, nihil urbis vigiliae, nihil timor populi…moverunt? (Cicero In Catilinam) repetition of words or phrases (often for emphasis) As I ebb’d with the ocean of life, As I wended the shores I know, As I walk’d… (W. Whitman) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h81Ojd3d2rY

Anastrophe inversion of usual/typical word order "Ready are you? What know you of ready? My own counsel will I keep on who is to be trained. . . .” (Yoda in Star Wars: Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back, 1980) te propter vivo (instead of the expected propter te vivo) āctī fātīs maria omnia circum (Vergil) …Umbras erat illa recentes inter et incessit passu… (Ovid Metamorphoses)

Apostrophe addressing an absent person Death be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadfull…. (John Milton) Twinkle twinkle, little star… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYRy4ZcdPC8 O maiores, quid diceretis de hac re? ("Oh ancestors, what would you say about this matter?") Vel quae, Tiberine, videbis funera (Vergil Aeneid)

Asyndeton vs. Polysyndeton asyndeton: omission of conjunctions “…government of the people, for the people, by the people” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFTLKWw542g https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmRsWdK0PRI polysyndeton: use of more conjunctions than usual or necessary “…Swims or sinks or wades or creeps or flies… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWUQslN9UY8 Veni, vidi, vici. Laudat digitosque manusque bracchiaque.

Chiasmus arrangement of words in criss-cross (A-B-B-A) pattern to emphasize some contrast or to create a word-picture “Ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NypCROu8YVQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxgBXJM6zJ8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2QnG3DwVW0 …fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira… (Ovid Meta 1.453) magnas urbes et oppida parva viderunt (adj-noun-noun-adj) magnas urbes oppida parva

More Chiasmus lassa versati ossa corporis lassaque versati corporis ossa dolent… (…the weary bones of [my] body tossing and turning hurt… -- Ovid Amores) lassa versati ossa corporis

Enjambment a running on of a thought from one line to another without final punctuation may sometimes trick a reader Trees by Joyce Kilmer I think that I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree. A tree whose hungry mouth is prest Against the sweet earth's flowing breast; A tree that looks at God all day, And lifts her leafy arms to pray; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djvIWPJ_zXc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8ffkDf0ol4 Ille mi par esse deo videtur, ille, si fas est, superare divos qui sedens adversus identidem te spectat et audit dulce ridentem, misero quod omnis eripit sensus mihi: nam simul te, Lesbia, adspexi…. (Catullus 51) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv0_G88vFk4

Hyperbole exaggeration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsuoPbyWrm0

Litotes an affirmative is expressed by a negative (a form of understatement) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-laLCmBdoAo I’m not unfamiliar with the term. Nec nuda minus formosa videtur…. (formosa = pulchra) (Ovid Meta) non paucos ures (uro, urere = burn)

Metonymy

Hyperbaton

Synchesis

Tmesis

Metaphor & Simile

Onomatopoeia

Personification