“THIS IS SPARTA!” YOU DIRTY PERSIAN CH. 4 GREECE “THIS IS SPARTA!” YOU DIRTY PERSIAN CH. 4

Remember Do not copy anything with Review at the top. Do not copy anything with Remember at the top. Do not copy anything in Italics. Rolllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll TIDE!

Minoans The Minoans were the first major civilization to live in the area of the Greeks. They have the earliest records we can find from the area. They were wealthy from trade, and traded with people as far away as Egypt and Syria. Their capital was located at Knossos Suddenly, around 1450 B.C., their civilization collapsed.

Myceneans The first Greek kingdom that we know about is Mycenae. The Mycenaean were located on mainland Greece. They conquered the people on the Greek mainland and their warriors became nobles. They built a city and began to influence the entire Peloponnesian Peninsula.

Mycenaean Culture The centerpiece of Mycenaean culture was a fortified hill (from previous slides) Around the center piece lay estates owned by nobles. Slaves and merchants lived and worked on the estates and took shelter on the fortified hill in times of danger. Mycenaean's had much wealth brought on from trade and seamanship, much of it learned from the Minoans.

Warriors The Mycenaeans were more proud of wars than they were of their trade and wealth. They defeated many different armies over their time period. One of their greatest victories was over the Trojans at the Battle of Troy.

Greek Dark Ages Around 1200 B.C. a period of non expansion and dissolution fell on the Peloponnesian peninsula. Natural disasters such as earthquakes leveled huge cities. There was also much war throughout the area. This led to a period of decline in knowledge and trade. The Dorian eventually took over and brought some stability to the region.

Recovery In order to recover from the Greek Dark Ages, the Greeks began to renew their trade relationships with those on other sides of the Mediterranean. They also developed colonies in these area and bean to branch out of the Peloponnesian Peninsula This began the idea of the POLIS.

Greek Polis When the Noble began to acquire land after the Dark Ages, they became almost like small countries of their own. Each polis had a main gathering spot in the middle of the city called an acropolis. It served as a gathering place, the seat of government, and an open air market.

Citizenship The idea of citizenship began with the Greeks. The citizens were in control of their specific area. Women and children were considered citizens for protection, but had none of the rights. Slaves and foreign born residents had none of the rights. Their citizens were also the soldiers. The idea of the National Guard comes from the Greeks.

REVIEW What was the name of the first Greek? How did they obtain their wealth? What is a polis? Who defeated the Trojans at Troy? Where was the Minoan capital? What was the main area in a polis?

SPARTA Polis continued to combine and eventually became known as city states. Two of the most powerful city states were Athens (a democracy) and Sparta (an oligarchy). Sparta was a warrior culture while Athens was a more democratic society.

SPARTANS Sparta was a warrior society. At birth, a child was checked for defects, and discarded if they had any. At the age of 7, young boys were sent to an academy to begin training for the military. They had one coat to last them all year long, and they were encouraged to fight and become stronger. At age 20 they went into the regular army where they trained and fought for 10 years. Then they remained in the army in the reserves until they were 60

Spartan women Spartan women enjoyed a greater amount of freedom than many other women of the time. This is strange because Spartans were also one of the largest owners of slaves in the world at the time. The reason Sparta put so much emphasis on their military stems from their fear that the slaves (called helots) would act up and revolt.