Chapter 12: Services Activities that fulfill a human need or want in exchange for money or goods

Service Industry Basics Tertiary industries from Chapter 9 Service industries near settlements People need services (close to market) Where services are located within a settlement can be very complex Location, location, location Bigger the city, the more services offered Wausau vs. Lakeland area Connections are often created by services offered Local diversity & globalization forces

Where did Services Originate? Chapter 12: Services Key Issue 1

Three Types of Services Consumer Services – for consumers who can pay About 44% of all US jobs Retail & Wholesale services Education services – teachers, administrators Public teachers are often included with public services Health services – doctors, nurses, etc. Leisure & Hospitality services – hotel & restaurant

Three Types of Services Business Services – help other businesses About 24% of all US jobs Professional – law, accounting, engineering, etc. Financial (FIRE) Transportation & Information – trucking, newspaper, electric, etc. Public Services About 17% of all US Jobs Work for federal, state, & local governments

Changes in Employment From 1972 – 2009 all growth in service industries Consumer services have gone up, especially in healthcare Recession has influenced job growth in service industries

Services in Early Rural Settlements Early Consumer Services Religion is likely the first consumer services Burying and respecting dead House-hold based services Men left women home Likely first manufacturing centers: tools, clothing, shelter, etc. Early Public Services Political leaders and soldiers Early Business Services Regulating business deals

Services in Early Urban Settlements 4 hearths of civilization: Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, Indus River Valley Urban life either diffused from Mesopotamia or originated in each of the 4 hearths Early Urban Settlements Ur (Mesopotamia) – home of Abraham Titris Höyük (present-day Turkey) Planned out city with specific areas Ancient Athens City-states – self-governing cities Beginnings of distinction between rural & urban life Likely population of over 100,000 Other major cities Knossos, Troy, Mycenae

Services in Early Urban Settlements Ancient Rome Roman empire encouraged urbanization: roads, aqueducts, military, and public services At least 250,000 inhabitants Fall of Rome = stall in urban settlements Medieval Cities Feudal lords often exchange land for military service Walls protected cities & city dwellers