Nationalism and Economic Expansion

James Monroe Virginia Republican (again) Madison’s Secretary of State With Federalist collapse after War of 1812, no political struggles

Era of Good Feelings Period characterized by lack of political divisiveness and economic growth

Panic of 1819 Bank of US blamed by farmers Credit is tightened Farms foreclosed on Speculative land buying dries up Began 6 years of depression Political divisions begin to emerge

Settlement of the West New lands available NA resistance weakening Population pressure in the east New transportation Communities form in Old NW Plantation economy (cotton) forms in Southwest

Missouri Compromise (1820) 11 free and 11 slave states already MO, with slaves, applies for statehood 1819 Tallmadge Amendment Maine admitted with MO Slavery banned in future territories north of 36’30’’ Henry Clay led compromise

John Quincy Adams and Florida Monroe’s Sec. of State Premier diplomat in US history Jackson attacking Seminoles and Spanish in FL Adams-Onis Treaty US gets all of Florida Spain gives up claims in NW US gives up any claim to TX

Monroe Doctrine Cornerstone of US foreign policy for 100 years Response to Latin American fights for independence Called for an end of European colonization and intervention in Latin America

Election of 1824 Shattering of Republican party Jackson, Adams, Clay, and Crawford run Jackson wins majority of votes Adams wins election in Congress Calls of a “Corrupt Bargain” between Adams and Clay

Using your textbook…. Pg.293-294 What “corrupt bargain” was made? How did it affect the election results?

Early Railroads and Canals Clay proposes “American System” (fails in Congress) National Road built Steamships (Fulton) Erie Canal built Railroads begin to pop up in 1820s Not dominant form of transportation

National Road

Beginnings of Factory System (1820s) Began in NE textile mills Machines driven by water power Much more factory growth than any where else in the world during the 1820s

Early Labor System (women) Family migrate from farm to mill Considerably better than in England Lowell Mills and others relied on young women Clean factory conditions Well-fed and housed “Fair” wages

Social Mobility and Wealth Increased income distributed unequally (rich got richer) Standard of living improved for almost all Little social conflict between classes High geographic mobility

Cotton Revolution 1794-Whitney invents the cotton gin Large tracts of land devoted to cotton as far west as TX Large-scale agriculture