Chapter 16: Section 1 The World of Cells
Why are cells important? They help us do what we do Breakdown food Move Grow Reproduce
Cells have jobs Some help move things around the organism Some fight disease
Bacteria Smallest organisms on Earth Made of only one cell
Larger Organisms Made of many cells
What are cells made of? A cell is like a bakery Many parts doing different jobs
Organelles Each does a different job In the bakery: The workers
Cell membrane Holds cell together Is a boundary Plants also have cell wall for support and protection In bakery: The walls
Cytoplasm Like Jello/Where activities take place In Bakery: The kitchen
Nucleus Vacuoles Contains chromosomes (plan for cell) In Bakery: the manager stores food, waste In bakery: pantry, trash can
Mitochondria Where cellular respiration happens Food energy turned into energy cell can use In the bakery: oven Where cellular respiration happens
Chloroplasts Makes leaves green
Some cool cell models
Different Jobs of Cells Ch 16 Sec 2
Special Cells for Special Jobs Human Cells— (see pg 483) Fat Cells—store fat, sometimes the nucleus gets pushed out Skin Cells—flat, close together
Bone Cells—surrounded by hard substance made of calcium and phosphorus Muscle Cells—long with many fibers
Cell Organization How well do things work if the different parts are mixed together? Many-celled organisms are not just mixed up collections of different types of cells, they are organized into systems that work together
Cell Organization Tissues Cells that are alike and work together Bone tissue, nerve tissue, and blood
Organ Tissues that are working together Stomach is the organ, but has nerve, muscle, & bone tissue
Organ systems Group of organs that work together to do a certain job Stomach, mouth, intestines and liver all work together for digestion to occur
Levels of Organization Make a chart with two columns In column one list the different levels of organization beginning with the cell. In column two, list a real world example of the same type of organization