CONFRONTING THE UNITED STATES

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Presentation transcript:

CONFRONTING THE UNITED STATES DIMENSIONS OF HISTORY CONFRONTING THE UNITED STATES

READINGS Modern Latin America, chs. 3, 5 [Mexico, Cuba] MLA Website, Chapter 15, Primary Documents Nos. 37, 39 [Monroe Doctrine, Roosevelt Corollary] http://library.brown.edu/modernlatinamerica NB: http://pages.ucsd.edu/~phsmith “Teaching”

U.S. IMPERIAL POWER Conquest and incorporation Formal colonization Informal “spheres of influence”

STRATEGIES FOR POWER Mexico Central America and Caribbean Cuba Conquest and incorporation Military intervention Political and economic pressure Central America and Caribbean Colonization (Puerto Rico, Panama?) Dollar diplomacy and “sphere of influence” Military intervention (Dominican Republic, Panama, Haiti) Cuba Military intervention, occupation (1898-1902) Quasi-colony (Platt Amendment, 1902-33) Sphere of influence (1934-59) Attempts at overthrow (1959- )

STRATEGIES FOR POWER Mexico Central America and Caribbean Cuba Conquest and incorporation Military intervention Political and economic pressure Central America and Caribbean Colonization (Puerto Rico, Panama?) Dollar diplomacy and “sphere of influence” Military intervention (Dominican Republic, Panama, Haiti) Cuba Military intervention, occupation (1898-1902) Quasi-colony (Platt Amendment, 1902-33) Sphere of influence (1934-59) Attempts at overthrow (1959- )

U.S. MILITARY INTERVENTIONS, 1898-1933 Costa Rica 1921 Cuba 1898-1902, 1906-1909, 1912, 1917-1922 Dominican Rep 1903, 1904, 1914, 1916-1924 Haiti 1915-1934 Honduras 1903, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1919, 1924, 1925 Mexico 1913, 1914, 1916-1917, 1918-1919 Nicaragua 1898, 1899, 1909-1910, 1912-1925, 1926-1933 Panama 1903-1914, 1921, 1925

Defining the Challenge Establishing sovereignty Articulating national interests In the wake of colonial rule (and war) Negotiating international arena Confronting the United States

STRATEGIC OPTIONS Collective unity (“the Bolivarian dream”) Extra-hemispheric protection Regional hegemony International law Cultures of resistance Alignment with the United States

OPTIONS IN ACTION: MEXICO Collective unity (as leader of Latin America) Regional hegemony (in Central America) International law (re sovereignty) Cultures of resistance Alignment with United States (NAFTA)

CENTRAL AMERICA + CARIBBEAN Collective unity (unification) Cultures of resistance Alignment with USA Caribbean Extra-hemispheric protection (Europe)

CUBA Cultures of resistance + revolution Extra-hemispheric protection Collective unity (?)

Outcomes and Implications Short-term success and experimentation Growth of nationalist anti-imperialism Continuing quest for sovereignty Tensions in U.S.-Latin American relations