BES 10/16 and 10/17 Grab your lab book and prepare for a warm-up Take out your orange Unity and Diversity handout

Lab Book Scores Warm-ups: 10 points (7 + 3 for quality) Emerald City Time Machine: 10 points (20/2) Sinking Slabs: 10 points (20/2) Building Bridges: 13 points (26/2) Participation: 13 points (2 stamps = 8 points; 5 points for checklist)

Warm-Up 10/16 and 10/17 What 3 characteristics does a Douglas Fir share with all other plants? How does its special leaf (needle) shape help it survive in the NW?

Last Time… We discovered some of the major evolutionary events on earth, including when life evolved (more to come on that!) This time: What does it even mean to be alive? What do we all have in common?

Learning Targets I can describe the 8 characteristics that group ALL living things together. I can use information from rock layers to describe historical environmental conditions.

What is Life? Biology is the study of living things Living things are divided into six kingdoms based on genetic and physical similarities: Plants, animals, fungi, protists, bacteria, archaebacteria Living things (organisms) are extremely diverse, but share eight characteristics in common

Archaebacteria Fungi Plants Bacteria Protists Animals

Characteristics of Life #1: Organisms are made of units called cells Organisms can be unicellular (made of one cell) or multicellular (made of many cells)

Characteristics of Life #2: Reproduction All living things reproduce themselves Reproduction is asexual (one parent) or sexual (two parents)

Characteristics of Life #3: Based on genetic code Organisms have DNA or RNA that is a blueprint for creating them DNA or RNA is passed on to offspring

Characteristics of Life #4: Growth and Development All organisms grow, either by enlarging their one cell or dividing their cells millions of times

Characteristics of Life #5: Need for materials and energy Organisms create and break down molecules to fuel their chemical reactions The four molecules we use are proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids This is called metabolism

Characteristics of Life #6: Response to environment Organisms detect and react to stimuli in their environment Stimuli are internal (like your blood sugar) or external (like plants reacting to sunlight)

Characteristics of Life #7: Internal balance Organisms keep their internal environment stable through homeostasis Ex: Body temperature when you get too hot, you sweat to cool your skin when you get too cold, you shiver to warm your body

Characteristics of Life #8: Evolution Populations of organisms change over time in response to their environment Changes are only significant over long periods of time

Is this Yogurt alive? Talk to a partner and be prepared to share to share out!

Evidence For Evolution How do we know evolution happens? Fossil record a. Relative and radiometric dating DNA comparisons Body structures Comparing embryos Antibiotic resistance and Viruses

Gifts from the Past Title your next notebook section “Gifts from the Past” Copy Focus Question: What can Fossils & Rock Layers tell us about ancient life on Earth? (Leave 3-4 lines to answer this later).

Determining fossil environment With each fossil: Draw what it looks like in your notebook. What does it look like that is alive today? What type of environment did it live in? All marine-type environment (except petrified wood possibly).

Things Rocks can Tell Us What lived in that environment. What the environment looked like. How the environment has changed over time. What things are more recent/ancient.

Types of Fossils Trace fossils – markings left by animals (footprints, trail, burrow). Casts – Minerals fill a space left by a decaying organism. Petrified Fossils – Minerals penetrate, replace hard parts of organism, producing a copy.

Types of Fossils Imprints – Thin object that leaves an imprint when sediment hardens. Molds – Organism is buried then decays, leaving a gap. Amber-Preserved / Frozen – An organism is trapped in ice or sap that hardens.

Things Rocks can Tell Us What lived in that environment. What the environment looked like. How the environment has changed over time. What things are more recent/ancient.

Rock types describe environments Freshwater floodplain, lake or lagoon? Shale rock is present.

Rock types describe environments Large amounts of Calcium & Magnesium? Maybe some specialized bacteria? Dolomite rock that only forms in salty lagoons. Rock types describe environments

What was it like then? Shallow, warm marine environments? Lots of Calcium Carbonate (like seashells)? Limestone.

Rock types describe environments Sandstone – describe ALL possible environments. Terrestrial (Land-based): Rivers (sandbars, mouth) Glacial outwash Deserts Lakes Marine (Ocean-based): Beach Tidal flats River/ocean deltas

Things Rocks can Tell Us What lived in that environment. What the environment looked like. How the environment has changed over time. What things are more recent/ancient.