Curved Mirrors, Ray Diagrams and Nature of Image.

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Presentation transcript:

Curved Mirrors, Ray Diagrams and Nature of Image

Question: How do we “see” things?

Iris and Pupil

Lens The lens focuses the light that comes through, so we can see a clear image on the retina.

Eyes = “Light detectors”

How do mirrors work?

Eye sees image back here Light from object reflects into eye

The coin appears to be here True position of the coin

Lateral Inversion

Curved Mirrors Concave (Converging) Mirror Convex (Diverging) Mirror

Concave (Converging) Mirrors

Concave (Converging) Mirror The mirror is “caved” in. The light “converges” into the focus.

Concave Mirrors Concave mirrors have a focal point in front of the mirror. Concave mirrors focus (converge) light at the focal point. F

Convex (Diverging) Mirrors

Convex (Diverging) Mirrors

Convex Mirrors Convex mirrors have a focal point behind the mirror. Convex mirrors spread (diverge) the light rays so that they appear to be coming from the focal point. F

Ray Diagrams

P = pole , pa = principal axis F P r pa f P = pole , pa = principal axis C = centre of curvature r = radius of curvature F = Focal point or focus f = focal length f = r / 2

Drawing Ray diagrams – mirrors Draw two rays from the top of the object – “parallel to focus” then “focus to parallel” Find the point where the two reflected rays intersect – if they don’t, go backwards and draw dotted lines (the image is then virtual)

Concave Mirror – Case 1

Concave Mirror – Case 1

Concave Mirror – Case 1

Concave Mirror – Case 1

Concave Mirror – Cases 2 & 3

Concave Mirror – Case 4

Concave Mirror – Case 5

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Concave (Converging) Mirror Size Orientation Nature Behind C At C Between C & F At F Between F & P

An image is virtual if cannot be projected onto a screen. An image is real if it can be projected onto a screen (or a piece of paper). An image is virtual if cannot be projected onto a screen. Virtual Image

“Real Image”

“Virtual Image”

Concave (Converging) Mirror Size Orientation Nature Behind C Diminished Inverted Real At C Same Between C & F Enlarged At F No image Between F & P Upright Virtual

Convex Mirror

Convex Mirror

Convex Mirror

Convex Mirror

Concave (converging) mirrors The image will be real and inverted if the object is located behind the focus. The image will be virtual, upright and enlarged if the object is located between the mirror and the focus. Convex (diverging) mirrors Convex mirrors always produce virtual images which are always upright and smaller than the object.

Common mistakes No Arrowheads!!!!  Solid lines instead of dashed lines, dashed lines instead of solid lines Rays going through the mirror Rays not hitting the mirror line

Drawing Ray diagrams – mirrors Draw two rays from the top of the object – “parallel to focus” then “focus to parallel” Find the point where the two reflected rays intersect – if they don’t, go backwards and draw dotted lines (the image is then virtual)