AP Terms and Vocabulary Week 14

#5 Antithesis The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structures, or ideas.

#7 Apostrophe An address or invocation to something inanimate

#13 Canon That which has been accepted as authentic, such as in canon law.

#15 Claim In argumentation, an assertion of something as a fact.

#23 Deductive Reasoning The method of argument in which specific statements and conclusions are drawn from general principles. Movement from the general to specific

#41 Inductive Reasoning The method of reasoning or argument in which general statements and conclusions are drawn from specific principles. Movement from the specific to general

#34 Extended Metaphor A series of comparisons within a piece of writing. If they are consistently on one concept, this is also known as a conceit.

#25 Diction Word Choice

#38 Homily A sermon, but more contemporary uses include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving morals or spiritual life.

#39 Hyperbole Overstatement characterized by exaggerated language, usually to make a point or to draw attention.

Anathema A cursed, detested person

Antipathy A strong dislike, repugnance

Cogent Intellectually convincing

Cupidity Greed, strong desire

Exculpate To free from guilt or blame

Fatuous Silly, foolish

Garrulous Talkative, wordy

Grandiloquence Lofty, pompous language

Impinge To impact, affect, make an impression To encroach, infringe

Insidious Appealing but imperceptible harmful, seductive.

Refresher: style analysis boils down to these three questions: Juxtaposition? Oxymoron? Hyperbole? style analysis boils down to these three questions: What is the author trying to do? What strategies does he or she use to achieve that purpose? How do the chosen strategies help in achieving that purpose?

Today’s Lesson: The bulk of the lesson today will be an analysis of a letter John Smith wrote to Queen Anne of England (married to King James of Bible translation fame).

What do you know about John Smith and Pocahontas? Pocahontas (born Matoaka, and later known as Rebecca Rolfe, c. 1595 – March 1617) was a Virginia indian. Notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan, a paramount In a well-known historical anecdote, she is said to have saved the life of an Indian captive, Englishman John Smith, in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him. Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613, and held for ransom. During her captivity, she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca. When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people, she chose to remain with the English. In April 1614, she married tobacco planter John Rolfe, and in January 1615, bore him a son, Thomas Rolfe. Pocahontas's marriage to Rolfe was the first recorded interracial marriage in North American history

Con’t… In 1616, however, Smith wrote a letter to Queen Anne in anticipation of Pocahontas's visit to England. In this new account, his capture included the threat of his own death: "... at the minute of my execution", he wrote, "she [Pocahontas] hazarded the beating out of her own brains to save mine; and not only that, but so prevailed with her father, that I was safely conducted to Jamestown.“ In late 1609, an injury from a gunpowder explosion forced Smith to return to England for medical care. The English told the Powhatans that Smith was dead. Pocahontas believed that account and stopped visiting Jamestown. Much later, she learned that he was living in England when she traveled there as the wife of John Rolfe. In March 1617, Rolfe and Pocahontas boarded a ship to return to Virginia; the ship had only sailed as far as Gravesend on the river Thames when Pocahontas became gravely ill.[57] She was taken ashore and died in John Rolfe's arms at the age of twenty-two. It is not known what caused her death, but theories range from smallpox, pneumonia, or tuberculosis, to her having been poisoned

What to do… SOAPStone with table Students write a thesis statement and figurative language paragraph for the letter. Author + Title + Author’s Purpose + figurative language= THESIS Structure: Topic Sentence Support or detail from text Elaboration