Labor in the new colonies

Life in the new colonies More and more people were coming to the new world. Colonies were still growing but work was hard and life was difficult Build own home. Grow own food Harsh weather/disease

Common colonial jobs Basketmaker Copper Miller Silversmith Brickmaker Cabinetmaker Shoemaker Wigmaker Blacksmith farming

3 types of laborers in the colonies An indentured servant A slave An apprentice

Review Questions Slide Text Questions: Venn Diagram Question: 1) What is an indentured servant? 2) What was the middle passage? 3) What is a plantation? 4) What is an apprentice? Venn Diagram Question: How are slaves, indentured servants, and apprentices similar and how are they different?

Indentured Servant “indentured” English term meaning under contract 70% of migrants from England who came between 1630-1660 were indentured servants; Most indentured servants were young, 15-25, and single; indentures were typically 4-7 years in duration. In exchange for their service, indentured servants received their passage paid from England, and food, clothing and shelter once they arrived in the colony. a servant was considered his master's personal property. While a servant, a person could not marry or have children.  A master's permission was needed to leave the plantation, to perform work for someone else, or to receive money for personal use. 

Indentured Servant Labor was hard living conditions were generally harsh An "unruly" servant was punished by whipping for improper behavior. When the contract had expired, the servant was paid "freedom dues" and allowed to leave the plantation. Freedom dues usually consisted of corn, tools and clothing. Freed servants wanted to become professionals of their own.  

Slaves and the middle passage Slaves were taken away from their homes and forced onto the slave ships Slave ships traveled the “middle passage” 12 week trip from Africa to the Americas. Traveling conditions were unbearable Slaves were stacked in the cargo hold. Forced to stay down there until the end of the trip Once ships arrived in the new world slaves were auctioned off to their new masters. Slaves received minimal food clothing and housing only enough to keep them alive and in working condition. Many slaves lived and worked on plantations. Plantations were large southern estates where crops like cotton or tobacco were grown and the slaves lived and worked.

Apprentice Someone who learns a trade by working for a trained craftsmen for a set period of time. An apprenticeship was a legal contract between the apprentice and master craftsman. As part of the contract, an apprentice agreed to keep trade secrets, obtain his master’s permission before leaving the premises, and abstain from vices such as frequenting taverns and the theater apprentice agreed to work for the master without pay for the term of the contract Masters provided basic education reading, writing, and arithmetic,training in the craft, room and board, and sometimes a set of tools or clothes on completion of the apprenticeship. The average length of contract was 7 years.

Déjà vu Spiral Notes: When you finish with the Review Questions then copy these notes to your spiral: Spiral Notes