(you say you want a revolution…) The English Civil War 1641-1651 (you say you want a revolution…)

Fighting for the King King Charles I Royalists Cavaliers http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/King_Charles_I_by_Antoon_van_Dyck.jpg/396px-King_Charles_I_by_Antoon_van_Dyck.jpg

Cavaliers Cavaliers, named because they were members of the cavalry (soldiers trained to fight on horseback)

In Parliament’s Corner… Parliamentarians Roundheads Oliver Cromwell http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Oliver_Cromwell_by_Robert_Walker.jpg

Roundheads Fought for Parliament Roundheads, named for their close-cut hair, very different from the free flowing locks of the Cavaliers

Who were the different groups involved in the English Civil War? Who do you think will have the upper hand?

The Back-story King James I was a big believer in the divine right of kings (reigned from 1603-1625) He believed that God put him on the throne and as a result, he could rule any way he chose His son would go on to become King Charles I (reigned from 1625-1649) and thought that dad had a GREAT idea Parliament had other ideas

Why do you think King Charles I and Parliament had trouble getting along?

Religion King Henry VIII founded the Church of England in 1529 In 1625, King Charles I married Queen Henrietta Maria of France, a fiercely Catholic nation Puritans believed the King to be a secret Catholic In 1637, Charles I tried to force Scotland to make changes to their church services In 1639, Scotland objected and mounted a rebellion http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Henrietta_Maria_and_Charles_I.jpg

Rebellion Charles I needed to put down the Scottish rebellion of 1639 You need money to fight a war Charles needed money from Parliament in order to fight the war Parliament hadn’t been in session for 11 years (only the king could call Parliament and he didn’t want to hear their complaints) http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/civilwar/g3/cs1/s3/

Would you be more unhappy if your king tried to tax you or if he tried to control what happened in your church?

Parliament In 1642, King Charles I moved to arrest the leaders of Parliament, but they’d been tipped off and escaped War was now inevitable http://www.history.org.uk/library/0807/0000/0084/Cromwell_295.jpg

Civil War The king had the strongest support in the north of England Parliament’s support was strongest near London and in southeast England Families were often on opposite sides of the fight http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/English_civil_war_map_1642_to_1645.JPG

The End Charles I was defeated in 1648 and executed in 1649 Oliver Cromwell was named Lord Protector of England in 1653 Cromwell was not much better than King Charles I After Cromwell’s death in 1658, Charles I’s son was “restored” to the throne Cromwell’s body was dug up and dragged through the streets http://www.timetravel-britain.com/articles/1photos/Christmas/Charles.jpg An Eyewitness Representation of the Execution of Charles I of England, painted in 1649 by John Weesop