Major topics on Numbering & Networks Session 3: Major topics on Numbering & Networks Freddie McBride, European Communications Office freddie.mcbride@eco.cept.org 5th CEPT workshop on “European Spectrum Management and Numbering” ECO, 26 October 2017

Working Group Numbering and Networks WG NaN Chairman: J. Vallesverd (NOR) Vice-Chairman: E. Greenberg (G) F. Dragomir (ROU) Numbering & Networks WG NaN Strategy Forum Group PT TRIS PT NPS PT ES PT FNI Future Numbering Issues Chairman: F. Bernabei (I) Vice-Chair: B. O’Brien (IRL) Technical Regulatory Issues Number Portability & Switching Emergency Services Chairman: V. Stundzia (LTU) Vice-Chair: D. Voisard (SUI) Chairman: F. Dragomir (ROU) Vice-Chair: D. Voisard (SUI) Chairman: J.F. Silva (POR) Vice-Chair: B. Overvad (DNK) Network-related Numbering-related Updated: October 2017

NUMBERING: Management of Numbering & Identifiers Internet World Traditional Telecoms World Resources assigned to Administrations by ITU-T INR assigned direct to operators by ITU-T Other resources assigned by ITU-T E.164 CC E.212 MCC UIFN (E.169.1) ICC (M.1400) Non-ITU resources assigned by other entities UIPRN (E.169.2) Terminal (T.35) Resources assigned by Administrations to service providers at the National level IC (E.164.3) Bureaufax (F.170) IMEI (3GPP TS 23.003) ISCN (E.169.3) Domain name (RFC 1034) Telephone numbers (E.164) MNC (E.212) Shared MNC (E.212) IPv4-address (RFC 791) ISPC/NSPC (Q.708) Trials (E.164.2) IPv6-address (RFC 2460) MAC (ISO 8802.3) Legacy Resources

NETWORKS - Competition and Consumer Protection Economic objectives require technical solutions Ensuring non-discriminatory access to active and passive network infrastructure Ensuring access to wholesale products Consumer Protection Ensuring access to emergency services and the provision of caller location information Migration and Quality of Service Universal Service

Numbering and Network Topics PT ES PT TRIS PT NPS PT FNI Handset-derived caller location information QoS of retail internet access services Over-the-air (OTA) provisioning of E.212 and E.118 resources Numbering for eCall Access to passive infrastructure by alternative operators Numbering for OTT Services Caller location information from corporate/private networks The role of E.164 numbers in international fraud

Handset-derived location information for emergency calls Topics to be covered today Handset-derived location information for emergency calls Numbering for OTT Services Over-the-air provisioning of SIM profiles Numbering for eCall

Topic #1 Handset-derived location information for emergency calls

Handset-derived location information for emergency calls Over 70% of emergency calls originate on mobile networks (source: EENA) The provision of emergency caller location information is a requirement of the Universal Services Directive in Europe. In reality, only Cell-ID provided in most countries Leverage the handset! (other industries are doing so) ECC Report 225 ” For mobile networks, A-GNSS-based positioning stands out of the list of available positioning methods in terms of accuracy, reliability and cost and should be implemented as a positioning method for emergency calls, as the first step of an overall programme for improvement, to complement the existing network-based methods rather than replacing them”.

Advanced Mobile Location (1)

Advanced Mobile Location (2) Born in the UK – calloboration between BT and HTC Now available on all Android-based handsets going back to 2011 EENA promoting its adoption across Europe (and by Apple!) Already implemented in United Kingdom, Estonia, Lithuania, Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Iceland and New Zealand In UK – over 125000 emergency calls per week with AML information. Almost 25% of those have location information within a 10m radius.

Other initiatives to promote handset-derived location Legislative changes – EECC Google – Altitude information and floor mapping PSAP-side statistics to very accuracy and reliability of caller location information received would provide evidence for targeted improvements in network provided location information Work item on this subject in progress in PT ES. ECC Report planned for 2018.

Topic #2 Numbering for Over-The-Top (OTT) Services

What is an OTT? “content, services or applications that are provided to end-users over the Internet independently of the access network”

..............and who provides them?

Impact of OTTs – Regulatory Perspective

Regulating OTTs (1) OTTs compete with traditional service which are regulated New definitions proposed in EECC to bring OTTs under regulatory jurisdiction for end user protection provisions. Number-based interpersonal communications services Number-independent interpersonal communications services Full ex-ante regulation a challenge (jurisdiction, revenue from advertising, regional regulation ex-post)

WG NaN Work ECC Report: Numbering for OTT Services To focus on: Eligibility criteria and rights to numbering assignments for OTT Services Examine how numbers are used by some OTT Apps Draw conclusions on above Draft Report to public consultation in November 2017

Topic #3 Over-the-air provisioning of SIM profiles

The embedded SIM/eUICC GSMA Specification released 2013 ETSI TC SCP Currently working on a TS Benefits: Board space Deployment in extreme environments Economies of Scale Avoiding operator ”lock-in” Source: ETSI

Identifiers involved (1) International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) (ITU-T Recommendation E.212 – 15 digits) Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID) (ITU-T Recommendation E.118 – 19 Digits) Embedded Universal Integrated Circuit card Identifier (EID) New identifier introduced in GSMA Specification – 32 Digits ISO/IEC 7812-1

Identifiers involved (2) Think physical SIM v. logical SIM

WG NaN Work To promote the need for technical standards not just industry specifications Technical solutions to avoid operator lock-in (follow up on ECC Report 212) Start discussions within ITU-T Stufy Group 2 to updating existing standards to reflect new GSMA identifier - EID (E.118) and to amend eligibility criteria Assess impact of Remote Provisioning on Number Portability – Synchronisation of processes Draft ECC Report to public consultation in November 2017

Topic #4 Numbering for eCall

eCall – brief introduction eCall is a European initiative intended to bring rapid assistance to motorists involved in a collision anywhere in the European Union. Source: Wireless Design & Development

eCall – legislation

eCall only V. TPS eCall + VAS Mandatory pan-European eCall a citizen protection policy initiative There is no commercial opportunity in eCall alone. “all vehicles should be equipped with the public 112-based eCall service, regardless of whether or not a vehicle owner opts for a TPS eCall service.” - REGULATION (EU) 2015/758 Source: EENA

Profile characteristics – eCall and TPS eCall eCall-only profile Dormant – no mobility management Privacy by design No subscription eCall+VAS profile Always connected Subscription-based service Privacy right waived in subscription agreement Only one profile can be active at any given time!!

Telephone (E.164) Numbers for eCall How many numbers required? 270 million vehicles – approx 5% stock renewal each year (13.5 million) New passenger car registrations in Europe (source: ACEA) Demand for approximately 13,000,000 new mobile telephone numbers per annum when critical mass of new type vehicles reached (so not anytime soon!) Numbering Options National numbers (assigned by National authorities) Dedicated M2M numbers Mobile numbers International numbering resources (Assigned by ITU-T) +882, +883, +878 number ranges Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 5 yr average New registrations (000,000) 12 11,9 12,5 13,7 14.6 12,9

PSAP Operator View (source: Lithuania 112)

WG NaN Work Promote discussion on numbering options for eCall Bring attention to the benefits and drawbacks of each solution without promoting or ruling out any particular approach Promote recycling of numbering resources when a vehicle reaches end of life Periodic inpsection testing – clarity needed Encourage the use of remote provisioning technology Draft ECC Recommendation on Numbering for eCall planned for adoption in November 2017

The End Contact: Freddie McBride BBS MSc DipRegGov freddie.mcbride@eco.cept.org +45 33 89 63 22 European Communications Office: www.cept.org/eco Follow us on Twitter – @CEPT_ECC