Chapter 10 The Gilded Age.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 The Gilded Age

The Gilded Age Gilded – (def.) to coat with gold The Gilded Age (def.) The period after the Civil War lasting until WWI, which was marked by the growth of industry and wealth in America, leading to materialism and political corruption. Coined by Mark Twain and Charles Warner (1873)

Push Factors Farm Poverty Unemployment Wars Required Military Service Political Oppression Religious Oppression

Pull Factors Land Employment Chance at Social Advancement Freedom

Statue of Liberty “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free” Emma Lazarus

The Immigrant Journey and Arrival

Steerage – the most basic and cheapest accommodations on a steamship

Ellis Island Passenger Search Ellis Island (NYC) Center for Immigration from 1892 to 1954, over 20 million new Americans passed through this island. Ellis Island Passenger Search

Medical Inspectors H – Heart Problems K – Hernias Sc – Scalp X – Mental Disability 1 in 5 detained / sent home

Ellis Island

Angel Island (San Francisco, CA)

Angel Island (cont.) The Ellis Island of the west – center for immigration near San Francisco. Immigrants from Asia (China, Japan, India)

`

Tenements Dark, crowded, multi-family apartments – largely occupied by immigrants upon arrival

NYC (800,000, 1860 ; 3.5 million, 1900) New York City The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island

Ethnic Neighborhoods Joe’s Shanghai

Urbanization Def. The growth of cities. The process of moving from a more rural dominated state, to a city dominated state. Industrialization led to Urbanization 75% of people live in urban areas today. Suburbs

Results of Urbanization and Population Growth Nativism - A preference for native born people Opposition to immigrants Unemployment and low wages Crime Two Groups Targeted the Most Irish Catholics Chinese

Political Machines and Party Bosses Political machine – an informal group designed to gain and keep power Usually corrupt Party boss – an individual who runs a political machine (the leader)

Cultural Developments Realism A movement in art and literature that attempted to depict life as it actually exists. Usually focusing on the middle and lower classes Different than… Romanticism Movement in art and literature that focused on imagination and emotion to illustrate life and the world.

Romanticism or Realism Robert Henri Snow in New York, 1902 Chester Dale Collection

Romanticism or Realism Romanticism Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze, American, 1816-1868.

Romanticism or Realism George Bellows Both Members of This Club, 1909 Chester Dale Collection

Romanticism or Realism

Romanticism or Realism J.W. Turner

Romanticism or Realism Thomas Eakins The Gross Clinic, (1875) oil on canvas

Frank Lloyd Wright

Jane Addams Hull House (Chicago) Nobel Peace Prize (1931)

Gospel of Wealth Philanthropy

Social Darwinism

Ragtime and Vaudeville http://www.trachtman.org/ragtime/