United States Immigration

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Presentation transcript:

United States Immigration

Early Immigration Between 1815 & 1914, more than 30 million immigrants came to America. Up until 1896, most came from north & west Europe: Britain Scandinavia Germany Ireland

New Immigrants After 1896 - most came from eastern & southern Europe: Russia Poland Austria-Hungary Italy Romania

Why They Left Immigrants were experiencing difficult times in their native land: Famine Unemployment War Political & Religious Persecution

Trouble with New Immigrants Most are Catholic, Orthodox, and Jewish They speak strange languages, eat strange food, and practice strange customs.

Immigration Restrictions Nativists were worried about too many immigrants arriving. They pressure the government to do something. 1882 - Chinese Exclusion Act Denied Chinese right to immigrate for 10 years. 1882 - “Undesirables” Barred Convicts, lunatics, alcoholics, vagrants, anarchists rejected 1886 - Literacy Test Must pass to enter US

Ellis Island Opened in 1892 Run by the federal government Processing center for immigrants Must go here first 98% of prospective immigrants gained entry to US from Ellis Island

Jobs for Immigrants Newcomers are taken advantage of. They don’t speak English. They are expendable - can easily be replaced. Take jobs for lower wages - they are resented for doing this.

Where do they live? Most immigrants moved to an area with others similar to them: Can continue customs, language, food, etc. Birth of Chinatown, Little Italy, Little Poland, etc.

Home, Sweet Home Immigrants had to live in tenements - in the slums. So many immigrants were arriving, building started to go up, not out.

Tenement Issues Most are run by unethical landlords. They are there for profit only. Common issues: Floors leaked Pipes burst Stairs were broken Plaster fell off the walls Cold in winter, hot in summer

Tenement Tenements were built to accommodate as many people as possible. They had 5-6 floors, each floor divided into several apartments. Each apartment was divided into a number of very small rooms. Sometimes 9 or more people crammed into each room.

Making Ends Meet Some families had to rent out parts of their apartment to borders for extra money. 13 to 14 single men would share a room. Many had to sleep on the floor.