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Email: A.koning@iaea.org 3. The optical model Prof. Dr. A.J. (Arjan) Koning1,2 1International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 2Division of Applied Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Email: A.koning@iaea.org EXTEND European School on Experiment, Theory and Evaluation of Nuclear Data, Uppsala University, Sweden, August 29 - September 2, 2016

NC Reaction Tlj THE OPTICAL MODEL Direct (shape) elastic Direct components Elastic Fission (n,n’), (n,), (n,), etc… Inelastic NC COMPOUND NUCLEUS OPTICAL MODEL PRE-EQUILIBRIUM

Optical model potential

Optical model potential

Optical model potential

U U = V + iW THE OPTICAL MODEL Direct interaction of a projectile with a target nucleus considered as a whole Quantum model  Schrödinger equation U = V + iW Complex potential: Refraction Absorption

THE OPTICAL MODEL The optical model yields : Angular distributions Transmission coefficients Integrated cross sections

Two types of approaches

TWO TYPES OF APPROACHES Phenomenological 20 adjusted parameters Weak predictive power away from stability Very precise (  1%) Tedious parameter fitting (Semi-)microscopic Total cross sections No adjustable parameters Usable without exp. data Less precise (  5-10 %) Quasi-automated

PHENOMENOLOGICAL OPTICAL MODEL f(r,R,a)= -1 1+exp((r-R)/a) g(r,R,a) = - df/dr

Phenomenological OMP

Standard parameterization: 0.001 – 200 MeV A.J. Koning and J.P. Delaroche, ``Local and global nucleon optical models from 1 keV to 200 MeV'', Nucl. Phys. A713 (2003) 231.

Potential depths

Local and global OMP Local OMP: parameter per nuclides Global OMP: mass dependent parametrization, e.g. KD03 OMP, Nucl. Phys. A713 (2003) 231

Neutron total cross sections

Neutron total cross sections

Neutron non-elastic cross sections

Neutron elastic scattering angular distributions

No adjustable parameters Based on nuclear structure properties SEMI-MICROSCOPIC OPTICAL MODEL No adjustable parameters Based on nuclear structure properties  usable for any nucleus Less precise than the phenomenological approach

Independent of the nucleus SEMI-MICROSCOPIC OPTICAL MODEL U(r(r’),E) r(r’) Effective Interaction = U(r,E) Optical potential  r(r) Radial densities Depends on the nucleus Independent of the nucleus

Sample 16: optical model for 120Sn Study impact of changing parameters talys < input >output (about 20-30 seconds) cp totalxs.tot totalxs.org Edit the input file and add the following line: rvadjust n 1.05 This means: increase the radius of the real volume potential by 5% xmgrace totalxs.tot totalxs.org (to see the difference) TALYS has 250 parameters like this (RT*M)

Towards a complete calculation for Cu-65: Optical model Copy previous sample case for Sn-120, and change into Cu-65 talys < input >output Retrieve experimental data for total cross sections from EXFOR at IAEA and compare. Sample case 16 has 4 different sub-cases, for 4 different OMP’s. See what the effect is for Cu-65 (i.e. 4 TALYS curves)