Volume 116, Issue 5, Pages (May 1999)

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Volume 116, Issue 5, Pages 1115-1123 (May 1999) Rapid mucosal CD4+ T-cell depletion and enteropathy in simian immunodeficiency virus–infected rhesus macaques Stephan Kewenig*, Thomas Schneider*, Karin Hohloch*, Kathrin Lampe–Dreyer‡, Reiner Ullrich§, Nicole Stolte∥, Christiane Stahl– Hennig∥, Franz J. Kaup‡, Andreas Stallmach*, Martin Zeitz* Gastroenterology Volume 116, Issue 5, Pages 1115-1123 (May 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4 Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Analysis of (A) SIV core protein p27 and (B) CD4+ T cells in the duodenal mucosa of rhesus macaques infected with SIV. Data are shown as median (bar in the boxes), 75 percentiles (upper and lower limit of the box), 95 percentiles (upper and lower handle), and extreme values (open circles) from 8 animals before (pre), 1 week after (1 wpi), 2 weeks after (2 wpi), 4 weeks after (4 wpi), and 12 weeks after (12 wpi) infection. Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Analysis of (A) villus height, (B) crypt depth, and (C) Ki-67 in SIV-infected rhesus macaques in duodenal biopsy specimens. Data are shown as median (bar in the boxes), 75 percentiles (upper and lower limit of the box), 95 percentiles (upper and lower handle), and extreme values (open circles) from 8 animals before (pre), 1 week after (1wpi), 2 weeks after (2 wpi), 4 weeks after (4wpi), and 12 weeks after (12wpi) infection. For Ki-67 analysis, data were calculated intraindividually as percent Ki-67 positive cells of total crypt cells (pre, 4wpi, 12wpi: n = 7; 1wpi, 2wpi: n = 4). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Scanning electron micrographs of ileal mucosal surface. (A) Uninfected control animal with finger-shaped normal villi; view from above. (B) SIV-infected animals with flattened villi; same view as in A and C. Fusion of villi shown in a lateral view 12 weeks after infection (original magnifications: A and B, 50×; C, 85×). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Scanning electron micrographs of ileal mucosal surface. (A) Uninfected control animal with finger-shaped normal villi; view from above. (B) SIV-infected animals with flattened villi; same view as in A and C. Fusion of villi shown in a lateral view 12 weeks after infection (original magnifications: A and B, 50×; C, 85×). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Scanning electron micrographs of ileal mucosal surface. (A) Uninfected control animal with finger-shaped normal villi; view from above. (B) SIV-infected animals with flattened villi; same view as in A and C. Fusion of villi shown in a lateral view 12 weeks after infection (original magnifications: A and B, 50×; C, 85×). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Light micrographs of ileal mucosal biopsy specimens. (A) Uninfected control animal with finger-shaped normal villi. (B) SIV-infected animal with flattened and fused villi (H&E; original magnifications 180×). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Light micrographs of ileal mucosal biopsy specimens. (A) Uninfected control animal with finger-shaped normal villi. (B) SIV-infected animal with flattened and fused villi (H&E; original magnifications 180×). Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 (A) β-carotene and (B) 25(OH)D serum concentrations in SIV-infected rhesus macaques. Data are shown for each time point (pre, preinfection value; 1wpi, 1 week after infection; 2wpi, 2 weeks after infection; 4wpi, 4 weeks after infection; 12wpi, 12 weeks after infection) and for each animal. In 2 animals, 25(OH)D serum concentrations at the 12 weeks after infection were not measured. Animals showing a decline of values after infection of more than 25% compared with the baseline concentrations are indicated by bold lines. Gastroenterology 1999 116, 1115-1123DOI: (10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70014-4) Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions