Ancient Rome

The beginnings of Rome page 142 Rome began as a village. Where was it located? What features made this place ideal for a settlement? What features made it an ideal place for trade?

The geography of Italy page 142 Using this map, work out How Italy was protected from attack in the north How Italy was protected from attack in the east How Italy was protected from attack on the west Where was the only danger in the south?

Roman beliefs about its foundation in 753BC The Romans believed that their city was founded by a descendant of Aeneas, a noble Trojan. The gods commanded Aeneas to leave Troy at the end of the Trojan War and take his followers to the land of the Western Star. There he was to establish a new Troy.

Perils along the way His journey took a long time due to the opposition of Queen Juno. She tried to keep Aeneas from fulfilling his destiny by having him fall in love with Queen Dido of Carthage.

Desertion and victory in Italy Aeneas was eventually called by Jupiter to go on to Italy. He sailed away secretly at night. Dido was bereft when she saw that he had abandoned her. She cursed the race he was to establish before committing suicide. After many battles against Italian tribes, Aeneas finally defeated Turnus, the leader of the Rutuli, married Lavinia, an Italian princess, and founded the city of Lavinium. His son Ascanius succeeded him as king and transferred his capital to Alba Longa.

Who were Romulus and Remus? Research these men to explain the images on this slide.

Archaeological evidence to support this story This cave (8m high and 7m wide) is believed to be the site where the Ancient Romans worshipped Romulus and Remus. It is buried below the Palatine Hill. The early Romans lived in huts that looked something like this. The Hut of Romulus was preserved as a shrine on the Palatine Hill for hundreds of years.

Early rulers of Rome page 143 The Etruscans brought the Romans many new ideas. Identify what they were from these images: The Romans used these throughout Italy and also in the lands that they conquered.

Society pages 144, 149 -150 Citizens: Who were they? v Slaves: Who were they? What was the census used for? Who owned slaves? How does this image prove that What jobs did they perform? this man is a citizen? What rights did they have? What could citizens do? What could their owners do to them?

Social classes page 144 To what class do each of these people belong? Use the images to work out your answer. Then use the sheet provided to draw up a diagram of Roman society. The next slide should also be included. A. B. and C.

Who were the non-citizens? Page 145

Women pages 146-148 ‘The Roman world was a patriarchal society’. Write a PEEL paragraph to explain this statement. Start with a definition of patriarchal. Discuss the ways in which wealthy Roman women were controlled by men. Include: supervision; father’s absolute control; rights after marriage; children How does Julia Agrippina seem different from most Roman women? Find out 2 interesting facts about Livia, the wife of Octavian.

Children page 149 Arrange the images provided in the correct order to show the 4 stages of a Roman child’s life. Make brief notes on each stage.

Religion and beliefs pages 151-153 Over what areas of their lives did the ancient Romans believe the gods had control? Look at page 151. Who else did each Roman family believe that they needed to pray and make offerings to? How did the Romans keep the gods happy and ensure everything worked out favourably for them? Use this image (page 152). List what an historian could learn from this source. Use source 3B to explain the significance of this object (a diagram of a liver)

Death and funerary customs pages 153-154 Use these images to complete a page about these customs. Write brief points for each image.

Law and government pages 155-156 Draw up a timeline for the 3 stages of Roman government. Use the information on pages 140-141 Rome in the time of the kings Rome in the time of the emperors What type of government happened between these 2?

Government in the Republic The Roman Republic was a democracy. The citizens elected their representatives. These elections were held annually. There were different positions within government. To achieve the highest position, men had to hold the lesser positions first to ensure that they experienced every aspect of government. This ‘ladder’ was called the Cursus Honorum. BUT… Who could give the plebeians a voice in the senate that was made of the rich and powerful? What happened in an emergency that threatened Rome’s existence? Who became the leader?

Government in the Empire page 156 Why did the Empire replace the Republic? Who was the first Emperor? Were all the emperors up to Nero ‘good’? Research using your Ipad.

Propaganda: Prima Porta statue How is Augustus shown as the ‘perfect leader of the most powerful country in the world’?

Law and Order page 157 How did Augustus help with law and order? What were considered capital offences? What was different about the way the citizens and nobles were treated in this regard? Why was it better for slaves to be obedient and well behaved?

Everyday Life pages 158 - 162 Class group work as set by the teacher Housing: town and country The Baths Food and drink and Roman meals Gladiatorial games and the Colosseum Horse racing and the Circus Roman roads and forms of transport

Warfare page 163 - 166 The Roman army was formed to protect Rome and to conquer new territories. It was well organised and virtually unstoppable. It was the first paid, full-time professional army in the world. Why would you not to fall asleep on guard duty? Why was decimation a fearful punishment?

Equipment page 164 This is the soldier in his armour. What equipment did he need for: fighting? for camping? How heavily was he laden on his march?

Military technology page 165 What did they use to besiege a settlement? What did they use to get inside the settlement? How could the soldiers use their shields to approach the settlement?

Carthage: Rome’s first and worst enemy Rome fought 3 wars against Carthage 1st Carthaginian (Punic) War Investigate the 1st Carthaginian (the Punic) War. Use the History question words (Who? When? Where? Why? How?) to write a paragraph about this war.

Hannibal and the Second Punic War Investigate in groups of 4 with one topic for each person: Hannibal The Alps Significant battles in Italy Significant battle in Africa Your group task is to produce a newspaper page that could have been produced at the end of the war.

Contacts and conflicts-Expansion and Empirepage 166-168 The Romans gained much from other cultures and civilisations. They gained goods, culture and new religions. What goods did they import from the east? Use Source 8C and the text to answer question 2 a and b. Draw a picture of an amphora. What was transported in this?

Significant individual – Julius Caesar page 169 -171 Create a storyboard of his life, including the events that led up to his murder.