Chapter 15: Atmosphere Section 15.1: Earth's Atmosphere Table of Contents Chapter 15: Atmosphere Section 15.1: Earth's Atmosphere

Makeup of the Atmosphere Earth’s Atmosphere 1 Makeup of the Atmosphere Earth's (1) atmosphere is a mixture of gases, solids, and liquids that surrounds the planet. It extends from Earth's surface to outer space.

Makeup of the Atmosphere Earth’s Atmosphere 1 Makeup of the Atmosphere Earth's early atmosphere, (2) produced by erupting volcanoes,

Gases in the Atmosphere Earth’s Atmosphere 1 Gases in the Atmosphere . (3) Nitrogen=78% and Oxygen = 21%

Earth’s Atmosphere 1

Earth’s Atmosphere 1 Atmospheric Pressure Air pressure is greater (4) near Earth's surface and least (5) in the exosphere.

Temperature in Atmospheric Layers Earth’s Atmosphere 1 Temperature in Atmospheric Layers The (6) Sun is the source of most of the energy on Earth.

Question (7) Troposphere—temp. decreases with height Stratosphere—temp. increases with height because ozone absorbs radiation Mesosphere—temp. decreases with height because no radiation is absorbed Thermosphere and Exosphere—temp. increases because radiation is absorbed

Earth’s Atmosphere 1 The Ozone Layer The ozone layer contains a high concentration of ozone and (8) shields you from the Sun's harmful energy. (9) UV rays can cause skin cancer

CFCs 1 (10) Chlorofluorocarbon molecules destroy ozone. Earth’s Atmosphere 1 CFCs (10) Chlorofluorocarbon molecules destroy ozone.

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Energy from the Sun The (12) Sun provides most of Earth's energy. It drives the wind, causes ocean currents, and allows plants to grow.

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Energy from the Sun

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Heat (13) Heat is energy that flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature. Heat then is transferred through the atmosphere in (14) three ways—radiation, conduction, and convection.

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Radiation Energy from the Sun reaches Earth in the form of radiant energy, or radiation. Energy that is absorbed causes (15) temperature to go up.

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Conduction

Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere 2 Convection

Question (16) Radiation is how energy gets from the sun to Earth. Convection is how the air and water is heated. Conduction is how the land is heated.

Air Movement 3 Forming Wind (18) Differences in density and air pressure cause winds. (19) Uneven heating of Earth’s surface by the Sun causes some areas to be warmer than others. Wind is the movement of air from an area of (20) higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.

Land and Water Land and water heat and cool at different rates. (21) Land heats up faster then water. So in day land is warmer than water. (22) Land cools faster than water. So at night land is colder than water.