Period 6 Grammar (II) Indefinite Pronouns

Indefinite Pronouns -thing -body -one some- something Somebody someone any- anything Anybody anyone every- everything Everybody everyone no- Nothing nobody no one

We use indefinite pronouns when we do not know or do not need to mention the person or the thing that we are talking about.

people someone / somebody anyone / anybody no one / nobody everyone/everybody refer to people

Eg: 1. ‘someone’ / ‘somebody’ has come. Rule 1. We use ‘someone’ / ‘somebody’ in positive sentences. Eg: 1. ‘someone’ / ‘somebody’ has come. 2. There is ‘someone’ / ‘somebody’ in the fitting room.

Eg: 1. Has ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ come? Rule 2. We use ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ in questions. Eg: 1. Has ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ come? 2. Is there ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ in the fitting room?

Eg: I can’t see ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ in the fitting room. Rule 3. We use ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ and ‘no one’ / ‘nobody’ in negative sentences. Eg: I can’t see ‘anyone’ / ‘anybody’ in the fitting room. 2. ‘No one’ / ‘Nobody’ has come.

Listen! ____________________ is knocking at the door. Someone / somebody, anyone / anybody, no one / nobody Someone/ Somebody Listen! ____________________ is knocking at the door. Is there _________ in the fitting room now? _________ would like to do it. It’s so hard. I can’t see ____________ in the classroom. __________ can do it except Tom. _________________ who is feeling sad may say ‘I’m feeling blue’. _________________ who feels tired or weak should wear colours that make you feel energetic. If you are _________ who needs physical strength, you should wear red cloths. Has __________ come? Yesterday I went shopping with my aunt. She bought a gift for ___________. anybody Nobody anybody Nobody Anybody / Anyone Anyone / Anybody someone anyone somebody

Fill in the blanks: Saturday, 28th October Dear Diary I went shopping with Amy this morning. She bought a gift for _________ (anyone, someone). I wonder if she is going to a birthday party? In the afternoon, we met some friends and went shopping for clothes together. Daniel was in a bad mood and didn’t talk to _________ (anyone, someone) all the afternoon. someone anybody

No one _________ (Anybody, No one) could cheer him up. Simon kept making phone calls to _________ (anyone, somebody) but would not tell us what he was saying. He made sure that _________(nobody somebody) could hear what he was saying. Sandy was talking so much about herself that she didn’t listen to _________ (anyone, someone) else. It was a very strange day. Everyone seemed to have a secret or was just not acting normally. Maybe I should talk to ________ (anyone,someone) about my friends’ strange behavior, but I can’t think of _________ (anyone, somebody) to ask. somebody nobody anyone someone anyone

something anything nothing none refer to things

Eg: Rule 1. We use ‘something’ in positive sentences. 1. Simon has something in his bag. 2. They found something.

Eg: Rule 2. We use ‘anything’ in questions. Does Simon have anything in his bag. 2. Did they find anything ?

Eg: Rule 3. We use ‘nothing’ and ‘none’ in negative sentences. 1. There is nothing in Simon’s bag. 2. None of teachers is in office .

Is there __________ interesting in today’s newspaper? something, anything, nothing, none Is there __________ interesting in today’s newspaper? I have __________ new to tell you. __________ is difficult if you put your heart into it. You are all right. There is __________ wrong with you. If you do _________ wrong, you should say ‘Sorry’. She found ___________ on the floor. It is a pen. There is _________ in Millie’s bag. It’s empty. _________ of us knew the answer. --- Mum, is there any bread for breakfast? --- No, there is __________. 10. --- Are there any tomatoes? --- No. There are ___________. We ate them all. anything something Nothing nothing something something nothing None nothing none

Fill in the blanks: Saturday, 28th October Dear Diary I went shopping with Amy this morning. She bought a gift for _________ (anyone, someone). I wonder if she is going to a birthday party? In the afternoon, we met some friends and went shopping for clothes together. Daniel was in a bad mood and didn’t talk to _________ (anyone, someone) all the afternoon. someone anybody

No one _________ (Anybody, No one) could cheer him up. Simon kept making phone calls to _________ (anyone, somebody) but would not tell us what he was saying. He made sure that _________(nobody somebody) could hear what he was saying. Sandy was talking so much about herself that she didn’t listen to _________ (anyone, someone) else. It was a very strange day. Everyone seemed to have a secret or was just not acting normally. Maybe I should talk to ________ (anyone,someone) about my friends’ strange behavior, but I can’t think of _________ (anyone, somebody) to ask. somebody nobody anyone someone anyone

Pay attention to more rules: 1. anyone / anybody --- any person any one --- one, no matter which E.g.: 1) Is there anyone in ? 2) Anyone who feels tired or weak should wear colours that make you feel energetic. 3) You can have any one you like.

2. no one = not… anyone nobody = not … anybody nothing = not … anything none = no one; not any E.g.: 1) There is no one / nobody/ nothing in the fitting room. = There is not anyone/anybody/ anything in the fitting room. 2. We wanted some coffee, but none was left.

3. In some cases, where we are offering help or when we expect the answer to be ‘yes’, we use ‘someone / somebody / something’ in questions. E.g.: 1) Would you like to talk to someone about it? 2) Can I do something for you, sir?

4. Their attributives are put behind them directly. E.g.: 1) Something important must be written down in class. 2) You can buy anything you like in that new shopping mall. 3) Anyone who want to go climbing, please sign your name here!

5. When they are used as subjects, the predicate should be used in singular form. E.g. : 1)Everybody is welcomed there. 2) Nobody has enough to eat in those days.

6. none和no one的区别 no one 指人 none 既可指人也可指物 1. none 后可以接of no one 后不可以接of 2. ---Who is in the classroom? --- No one. 3. --- How many / much … in the classroom? --- None. 4. When ‘none’ is used as subject, the predicate can be either singular (强调个体）or plural （强调整体）.

everyone anything anything anything nothing None anyone Someone nobody Choose suitable infinitive to complete the sentences. someone anyone nobody something anything nothing none everyone everything everyone Since ___________ is here, let’s begin our lesson. There is ___________ wrong with my watch. It doesn’t work. She asked me to tell her ___________ I knew. --- Did he say ___________ about it? --- No, he said ___________. 5. __________ of the teachers is in the office. I can’t see __________ in the reading room. __________ called Jim yesterday, but he was out. He can’t dance, so he has __________ else to dance with. anything anything anything nothing None anyone Someone nobody

Choose the suitable words or phrases to fill in the blanks. L----Lily; F---- Fangfang L: Hi, Fangfang. What are you to do this National Day? F: I prefer _________ (to go, going) to Beijing. What about you? L: I’m not sure. I would rather _______(go, to go) to Tibet than Beijing because I have been twice. I have known ____________ (something, anything) about Beijing. F: Oh, I see. Would you please tell me ____________ (something, anything) about Beijing? L: Sure. I’ll tell you later. Let’s talk about your plan first. Do you know ___________ (something, anything) about it? to go go something something anything

nothing would flying taking Nobody F: Sorry, I don’t know. What about you? L: Before I read a book about it I knew ____________ (nothing, anything) about it. But now I know a lot about it from the book. So I ___________ (could, would) rather go to see it myself. F: How will you go there, by plane or by train? L: I prefer _________ (fly, flying) to __________ (to take, taking) a train there. F: But it’s a little too expensive. I would rather go by train. By the way, whom will you go with? L: ___________ (Nobody, Anybody) but myself. F: A brave girl. nothing would flying taking Nobody

Put the following sentences into English. 有人把伞丢这儿了。 2. 你可以拿任何你所喜欢的东西。 3. 我们未向任何人求援。 4. 我本来有事要告诉你，可是我忘记了。 5. 若有人打电话找我，就说我在5点以前回来。 6. 没有一个学生会回答那个问题。 Someone / Somebody has left his umbrella here. You can take anything you like. We asked nobody to help us / for help. We didn’t ask anybody to help us / for help. I had something to tell you, but I forgot. If somebody calls me, tell him I’ll be back before 5 o’clock. None of the students can answer the question.

Homework: Finish off the exercises in the Assessment Book. 2. Copy the new words and phrases twice each.