Night Vision Technology Dharmendra Sinha CSE 4th Year

Contents Introduction History Technical Techniques Benefits How Image Intensifier works? How Thermal Imaging Works? Near Infrared illumination Night Vision Devices Benefits Challenges Applications Future Scope Conclusion References

Introduction Night vision is used to locate an object which is 200 yards away even in moonless, cloudy night. Night vision can work into two different ways, depending on the technology used . They are image enhancement and thermal imaging. Image enhancement works by collecting lower portion of infrared light spectrum Thermal imaging operates by capturing the upper portion of the infrared light spectrum

History Pre 1940’s: Flares and spot lights were used for operations at night. The first night vision devices (NVD) were created during World war-II. Functioned by placing an infrared filter over a searchlight.

A tank from World War II equipped with a search light used for night combat.

Image Enhancement Thermal Imaging Near Infrared illumination Technical Techniques Image Enhancement Thermal Imaging Near Infrared illumination

Image Enhancement This works by collecting the tiny amounts of light, including the lower portion of the infrared light spectrum and amplifying it to the point that we can easily observe the image. It requires some light.

How It Works ?

Thermal Imaging This technology operates by capturing the upper portion of the infrared light spectrum, which is emitted as heat by objects instead of simply reflected as light. Hotter objects, such as warm bodies, emit more of this light than cooler objects like trees or buildings. It does not require any light.

How It Works ?

Near Infrared illumination Near-infrared illumination is a method of night vision wherein a device that is sensitive to invisible near infrared radiation is used in conjunction with an infrared illuminator. Like thermal imaging, near-infrared illumination may provide visibility in fog, rain and snow.

It can be splitted in three broad categories: Night Vision Devices It can be splitted in three broad categories:

Night Scopes

Goggles

Cameras

Benefits Distant vision in night is possible Detection of objects in absolute darkness Less affected by temperature variation

Challenges You can get blind if u look at something bright. We can’t see full colored image. Night Vision devices are costly.

Applications Military Hunting Wildlife observation Surveillance Security Hidden-object detection

Future Scope It may allow soldiers to share images of what they see with other soldiers who may be miles away. Scientists are experimenting with Panoramic Night Vision Goggles (PNVGs) which double the user's field of view to around 95 degrees

Conclusion Today in the 21st century we have come a long way in the development of night vision technology, from the early 1940’s. In present scenario the applications of night vision technology is very essential to combat terrorism which is a major problem being faced by mankind.

References Wikipedia Youtube sofradirec.com/hownightvisionworks howstuffworks.com www.opticsplanet.com/nightvision.html

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