Overview of communication technology. Basic Communications Overview of communication technology.
Communications Electronically exchanging data or information. Voice interactive communication Data large volume batch transmissions Image encoded graphics Video streaming media
Telecommunications History Pre 1984 Local and long distance monopoly 1984 AT&T settlement Intense long distance competition 1996 Telecommunications Act Local access competition
Standard Telephone System Analog Switch Switch Switch Digital Modem Digital Digital Analog Network Network
Telephone Changes Rapidly decreasing long distance rates Value added telephone services Cellular access Flat rate long distance? Data and voice convergence.
Issue: Access Dedicated lines Standard voice Integrated Services Digital Network Digital Subscriber Lines Cable Modem Wireless
Voice vs. Data Voice Delay Sensitive Constant bit rate Not error sensitive Growth stable (video ??) Data Delay insensitive Variable bit rate Error sensitive Demand growing
Data Networks LAN Campus or Metropolitan Area WAN NIC Switch Router Public TELCO WAN POP
OSI Reference Model Application Presentation Program Functions Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Program Functions Wide Area Network Functions LAN Functions Connection Functions ©”A Guide to Networking Essentials”, 1998, Course Technology.
Packet Structure Header(s) Data Payload Trailer
OSI Network Layers