African economic development: case rwanda Pyry lehtonen University of helsinki 16.5.2017

Republic of rwanda Capital: Kigali Population (2015): 11 262 564 HDI (2015): 0.498

The economic history of rwanda In the pre-colonial era, Rwanda made its living mainly by the agriculture Germany took control of Rwanda in 1884 Germans did not alter significantly the social structure during the colonialism Belgium took control of Rwanda in 1916 Launching projects to develop education, health and agriculture and started modernization of the legislation and governance The economy of Rwanda did quite well relative to other African countries

The economic history of rwanda Independence in 1962 Hutus and Tutsis slaughtered each other in the conflicts faced in the 1960 and 1970’s President Habyarimana was in power from 1973 - 1994 and during his rule the economy as a whole improved slightly but the great majority of Rwandans remained to live in the extreme poverty. The Rwandan Civil War in 1990-1994 In 1994, Genocide where approximately 500,000 to 1,000,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were killed. During the civil war and the genocide, the economy of Rwanda decreased sharply

The economic history of Rwanda From 1994, with support of international aid and donations, Ghana has recovered from the turmoil in the 21st century and the economy has increased rapidly ever since The recovery was caused by economic reforms which aimed to develop a working market economy, grow the private sector and to promote the investments in coffee, tea and mineral industries

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Conclusions Overall, the economic development in Rwanda has been positive from 1984 to 2013 The decline caused by the civil war and genocide had a remarkable effect on the indicators The economic reforms made in the late 1990’s had a positive effect and the economy of Rwanda has increased ever since