https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_TC6eYbls4 How did you learn how to fold the t shirt? How successful were you? What determined your success?

Social Learning Theory

The Social learning Theory The Social Learning Theory proposes that learning can occur when one individual observes and imitate another, the model.

ARRM*R Stages Behaviour is latent Attention Retention Reproduction Attributes of a model HSFOB Retention Reproduction Motivation BEHAVIOUR DEMONSTRATED Reinforcement Vicarious reinforcement Intrinsic motivation External reinforcement Behaviour is latent

Bandura (1977) believed that four criteria need to be met for imitation to occur More likely to ATTEND if??? 1. Attention to the role model 2. Retention of the observed behaviour Can I carry out the behaviour? (self-efficacy) 3. Reproduction of the target behaviour 4. Motivation to imitate the observed behaviour Intrinsic/extrinsic rewards or vicarious reinforcement

ARRMR If you are going to learn anything, you have to carefully watch the model. Can’t be distracted during this process. Must be able to see and concentrate on the model.   (Important- students are not given the mark if they say the behaviour has been demonstrated). Motivation: We had an incentive or reason to complete the task accurately and quickly, by wanting to learn the song the quickest. Reinforcement: We saw the learner on the video and our peers complete the task successfully, and were reinforced by seeing how fun it was to be able to do the cup song

Factors that influence us with imitating models Some of the things that influence attention and make us more likely to imitate models involve the characteristics of the model: High status: liked and competent Similarity: age and sex. Familiar known through previous observation Observable clearly visible and ‘stands out’ Belief you think you COULD imitate the behaviour.

ARRMR Retention Having observed the model, we must be able to remember the model’s behaviour. Store in memory what we have observed Try and make it as meaningful as possible. This is the cognitive element! This is what makes this theory more complex than the other two!

ARRMR Reproduction The learner is ABLE to replicate what was observed we must feel that we are able to DO what the model DID – so competency is a factor. This also makes this theory more complex because we need: competency and the confidence!

ARRMR Motivation The learner must have an incentive or reason to perform what was observed.

The confidence to carry out the action Why do we imitate? Self-Efficacy The confidence to carry out the action

ARRMR Reinforcement Vicarious reinforcement: Seeing someone else being rewarded Intrinsic reinforcement: rewarding yourself External reinforcement: someone else rewarding you. You will continue to demonstrate the behaviour if you are rewarded and will not display the behaviour again if you are punished.

Parents at a North Yorkshire primary school have been urged to stop their children from watching the cult TV cartoon South Park. This is because there has been an increase in swearing and bad behaviour in the school playground. The Social learning Theory can explain this! Discuss why parents would have been urged to do this.

Let’s look at South Park again in terms of the Social Learning Theory What makes the characters models? Where Does Vicarious Reinforcement Fit in? Attention Retention Reproduction Why would they want to imitate South Park? What motivations would be present? Copy the diagram and answer questions.

Copy the diagram and answer Time to apply. Think of another behaviour that can be socially learnt and map out in diagram. Why would they want to model their behaviour around this particular person? Does Vicarious Reinforcement Fit in? If so where? Attention Retention Reproduction What are they imitating? What motivations would be present? Copy the diagram and answer questions.

Evaluation: CC, OC and SLT Supporting Research Opposing Research Different Theories Application Reductionist

Bandura (1961, 1963) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZXOp5PopIA

Social Learning Theory Homework – Write out the APRC for Bandura’s Original Bobo Doll Experiment.