5.1 Heat Transfer Vocabulary

A System Is… A group of parts that work together to perform a specific function.

What causes the thunderstorm? Thunderstorm = result of two different parts of “the Earth system” interacting Atmosphere: the envelope of gases that surround the planet 2. Hydrosphere: made up of all the water on earth

What is a system? A system is a group of parts that work together to perform a function and produce a result. Usually you have an input and an output.

Weather is caused by: Constant interaction of hydrosphere and atmosphere (atmo = vapor / hydro = water) Sun warms gasses in atmosphere and water in hydrosphere Water evaporates  water vapor Temperatures of atmosphere and water changes, clouds may build and rain may fall The condition of the Earths atmosphere at a particular time and place is called WEATHER!

What is Temperature? All substances are made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules). The faster the particles are moving – the more energy they have!

What is temperature? Temperature: measures the average energy of motion of particles in a substance What is thermal energy? Thermal energy: measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

Measuring temperature Air temperature is usually measured with a thermometer Thermometer- A device that measures temperature Holds liquid mercury or alcohol Air temp increases, liquid inside increases and expands (rises)

How to calculate thermal energy? Q=mc T Q=Thermal energy m=mass C=specific heat T=Temperature difference

Temperature scales- units of degrees Two scales 1. Celsius (freezing = 0⁰; boiling= 100⁰) 2. Fahrenheit (freezing = 32⁰F; boiling = 212⁰F)

Check Yourself p. 156

Did your answer look like this?

heat Energy that transferred from hotter object to a colder one (warmer  cooler) Heat is transferred in 3 ways: 1. Convection 2. Conduction 3. Radiation

radiation is the direct transfer of energy by ray waves. ray-diation

conduction Transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact with each other. Energy is transferred when molecules bump into each other through contact.

convection Transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid. Energy is transferred by the flow of material. Examples?

Convection current

p. 158

Check yourself! (p. 158) 1. Convection Contents in side are heated by convection 2. Conduction - heat moves up the pot by conduction (red ) 3. Radiation waves of heat will heat your hands by radiation (yellow/orange )

Heat Transfer Heat Transfer Heat transfer occurs when a warm radiator heats a room. What type of heat transfer could keep the paper in the air?

Check yourself!

Heating the Troposphere Radiation, conduction & convection work together to heat troposphere. Convection currents- the upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air. Heat is transferred mostly by CONVECTION within the troposphere Heat- thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one