The Road to Independence Chapter 5 Review The Road to Independence

100 points What was smuggling? What did colonists smuggle in the New England colonies? Illegally buying foreign goods. French sugar from French colonies.

200 points What was tax? Why did Great Britain want to increase taxes on the colonies? Amount paid to the government. Charged as a duty on goods, like sugar. To pay back their war debt after the French and Indian War.

300 points What were the writs of assistance? How did colonists feel about the writs? Allowed customs officers to search and seize smuggled goods without a court order. They denied their rights to privacy and to a court and jury. Now crown officials could send smugglers to jail.

400 points Who issued the Proclamation Line of 1763? What natural feature did the Proclamation prevent colonists from crossing? King George III Appalachian Mountains

500 points Who were the Patriots? Who were the Loyalists? Determined to fight the British to gain American independence. Did not consider unfair taxes a good reason to enter into a rebellion against the British.

100 points What is meant by “the shot heard ‘round the world”? Written by Ralph Waldo Emerson. Contained in a poem Refers to the first shot fired at Lexington and Concord – first shot for freedom.

200 points What was the Olive Branch Petition? Was the Petition successful? Last chance to avoid war Issued by the Second Continental Congress Expressed colonists’ wish for freedom and asked the King to respect the American colonists’ rights. No, King refused.

300 points Who used propaganda and why? Samuel Adams and Paul Revere Used the Boston Massacre as propaganda to persuade colonists to dislike the British. Revere made an engraving of the Boston Massacre that was sent around the colonies.

300 points What important contribution did Thomas Jefferson make to achieving independence? Wrote the Declaration of Independence.

400 points Who wrote Common Sense? Thomas Paine

500 points How did George III contribute to the conflict between Britain and the colonists? Refused to make peace when the Olive Branch Petition was issued by the colonists. He continued to deny colonial rights and liberties.

100 points Who was Samuel Adams? Led the Sons of Liberty in Boston

200 points Where was Fort Ticonderoga? Who went to capture the fort? Lake Champlain Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold Led the Green Mountain Boys Took the fort from the British

400 points First Continental Congress Met in 1774 in Philadelphia Called for 13 acts (laws) of the British parliament to be repealed. Voted to boycott all British goods Supported the Suffolk Resolves – for militia to arm themselves against the British.

500 points Second Continental Congress What did the 2nd Congress NOT achieve? Met in May 1775 Authorized the printing of money Set up a post office Committees to talk to Nas George Washington became commander of the Continental Army Issued the Olive Branch Petition Olive Branch Petition

100 points What was the Declaratory Act? Britain could pass laws for the colonies “in all cases”.

100 points What were the Townshend Acts? Tax on tea, glass, lead, paper All the goods the colonist could not produce for themselves.

100 points What was the purpose of the Sugar Act? To prevent the colonists from smuggling French sugar. It lowered the tax on Br. Sugar.

100 points Why were the colonists so angry about the Stamp Act? First direct tax on colonies Stamp had to be bought for all printed materials.

100 points What were the Coercive Acts? What did the colonists call the Coercive Acts? Introduced to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party. Harsh laws to bring Boston under control Closed Boston Harbor Removed rights from citizens of Boston: banned town meetings and shelter soldiers in their houses Intolerable Acts