Introduction to the Ingredients of Life

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to the Ingredients of Life Macromolecules Introduction to the Ingredients of Life

I can identify the functions of carbohydrates in organisms. Objective: I can identify the functions of carbohydrates in organisms.

Write the text that is BLUE in your journal.

Molecule without carbon Forms non-living things Macromolecule VOCABULARY Word Definition Picture Organic Chemical Molecule with carbon Forms living things Inorganic Chemical Molecule without carbon Forms non-living things Macromolecule Very big molecules

Macromolecules are the ingredients of all living things.

Macromolecules Provide: Source of Energy Energy Storage Building Blocks of our Bodies Instructions on how to Build

Four Biological Macromolecules: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

Why are carbohydrates importants? Energy molecules OH H HO CH2OH O 2009-2010

Carbohydrates provide energy to drive metabolic reactions.

Carbohydrates Function: quick energy energy storage structure cell wall in plants

Carbohydrates sugars give us energy starches store energy Examples sugars give us energy starches store energy cellulose provides structure in the cell wall of plants

Plants store energy in the form of starch.

What does a carbohydrate look like? glucose C6H12O6 sucrose starch

What are carbohydrates made of? Building block molecules = sugars sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar sugar

Sugars = building blocks Names for sugars usually end in Glucose Fructose Sucrose Lactose -ose

Glucose Example: Plants/Vegetables OH H HO CH2OH O glucose C6H12O6

Fructose Example: Fruit fructose

Sucrose Example: Table Sugar sucrose

Lactose Example: Dairy Products

Types of Carbohydrates Monosaccharide = 1 sugar Example: Glucose OH H HO CH2OH O glucose C6H12O6

Types of Carbohydrates Disaccharides = 2 sugars Example: Lactose

Types of Carbohydrates Polysaccharides = Many sugars Example: Starch

Monosaccharide =1 sugar Disaccharide = 2 sugars Polysaccharide = many sugars

starch cellulose Polysaccharides energy storage in plants structure in plants cell walls

Polysaccharides make up the cellulose in plant.

Cellulose is used to create the cell wall that gives a plant structure.

Humans cannot digest cellulose.

glycogen chitin Polysaccharides energy storage in animals in liver & muscles chitin structure in exoskeleton & fungi

Animals store energy in the muscles and liver in the form of glycogen.

Building carbohydrates Dehydration Synthesis | maltose glucose glucose

Building carbohydrates Dehydration Synthesis sucrose (table sugar) glucose fructose