Review of Third Conjugation Verbs Pres. Pres. Perf. Perf. Act. Act. Act. Pass. Indic. Infin. Indic. Participle 1st conjugation voco vocare vocavi vocatus - call 2nd conjugation moneo monere monui monitus - warn Reg. 3rd conjugation rego regere rexi rectus - rule “io” 3rd conjugation capio capere cepi captus - take

Tense Rule Translation Active and Passive Voice (1st & 2nd conj.) (Reg. 3rd conj.) Present Pres. Stem + PE Pres. Root + i + PE (am, is are; do, does; simple pres.) Imperfect Pres. Stem + ba + PE Pres. Root + eba + PE (was, were; used to; did) Future Pres. Stem + bi + PE Pres. Root + a/e + PE (shall/will) Present Stem = Present Active Infinitive (2nd principal part of verb) - re Present Root = Present Active Infinitive (2nd principal part of verb) – ere “io” verbs of the third conjugation add an i to the present root.

All Latin Verbs (Regular and Irregular) (Review Sheet) Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect Tenses, Active Voice Perfect Perfect Stem + i, isti ,it, imus, istis, erunt (has, have; simple past) Pluperfect Perfect Stem + eram, eras erat, eramus, eratis, erant (had) Future Perfect Perfect Stem + ero, eris,erit, erimus, eritis, erint (shall have/will have)

Review of the Ablative of Separation (Page 192) The Ablative of Separation emphasizes the state of being apart. Sometimes the separation is figurative, with such verbs as those meaning to set free, deprive, sustain, and the preposition is omitted. If the word in the ablative refers to a person, a preposition is regularly used. Patriam periculo liberavit. He freed his country from danger. Patriam ab hostibus liberavit. He freed his country from the enemy. The preposition ab with the Ablative of Agent always means by; with the Ablative of Separation it means from, away from.

Review of Place Constructions Ablative Case 1. Place Where (in in, on; sub under) in terra sub imperio on the earth under the power 2. Place from Which (a, ab from, away from; e, ex out of, from; de down from, concerning, about) ab aqua ex taberna de caelo from the water out of the shop down from heaven

Review of Place Constructions Accusative Case 3. Place to Which (ad to, toward, near; in into, against; sub up to). ad Siciliam in silvam sub aquam to Sicily into the forest up to the water

Review of Special Place Constructions The names of cities, towns, small islands, the nouns domus (house) and rus (country) do not use prepositions for the Accusative of Place to Which or the Ablative of Place From Which. Romam (not ad Romam) = to Rome Roma (not ab Roma) = from Rome With these same nouns the Ablative of Place Where is replaced with the Locative of Place Where. Locative Singular 1st declension = Genitive Singular Locative Plural 1st Declension = Ablative Plural Romae (not in Roma) = in Rome, at Rome Athenis (not in Athenis) = in Athens, at Athens