Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. Chapter Resources Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. glencoe.com Image Bank Foldables Video Clips and Animations Chapter Summary Chapter Review Questions Standardized Test Practice

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Image Bank Ice Wedging

Image Bank Ice Wedging

Image Bank Ice Wedging

Image Bank Tree Growing from Rock

Image Bank Prairie Dog

Table – Rates of Weathering Image Bank Table – Rates of Weathering

Image Bank Moss

Image Bank Rusty Car

Table – Factors that Affect Soil Formation Image Bank Table – Factors that Affect Soil Formation

Image Bank Rocky Hillside

Image Bank Layers of Soil

Image Bank Lichens on a Rock

Image Bank Lush Landscape

Image Bank Creep

Image Bank Mudslide

Image Bank Glacier

Image Bank Continental Glaciers

Image Bank Sand Dune

Image Bank Storm Runoff

Image Bank Mountain Stream

Image Bank Delta

Weathering and Erosion Foldables Weathering and Erosion Make the following Foldable to compare and contrast weathering and erosion.

Fold one sheet of paper lengthwise. Foldables Fold one sheet of paper lengthwise.

Foldables Fold into thirds.

Unfold and draw overlapping ovals. Cut the top sheet along the folds. Foldables Unfold and draw overlapping ovals. Cut the top sheet along the folds.

Label the ovals as shown. Foldables Label the ovals as shown.

Construct a Venn Diagram Foldables Construct a Venn Diagram As you read the chapter, list the characteristics unique to weathering under the left tab, those unique to erosion under the right tab, and those characteristics common to both under the middle tab.

Video Clips Click image to view movie.

Video Clips Click image to view movie.

Video Clips Click image to view movie.

Weathering and Soil Formation Reviewing Main Ideas 1 Weathering and Soil Formation Weathering includes processes that break down rock. During mechanical weathering, physical processes break rock into smaller pieces. During chemical weathering, the chemical composition of rocks is changed. Soil evolves over time from weathered rock. Parent rock, topography, climate, and organisms affect soil formation.

Erosion of Earth's Surface Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Erosion of Earth's Surface Erosion is the wearing away and removal of rock or sediment. Agents of erosion include gravity, ice, wind, and water. Downslope movement of a portion of the land's surface is called mass movement.

Erosion of Earth's Surface Reviewing Main Ideas 2 Erosion of Earth's Surface All agents of erosion move rock and sediment. When energy of motion decreases, sediment is deposited. Erosion and deposition determine the shape of the land.

Chapter Review Question 1 Where would you be more likely to find soil high in organic matter? Why? A. desert B. grassland C. polar D. tropical PS 2.1h

Chapter Review Answer Tropical areas are more likely to have soil high in organic matter because the humid climate creates warm, moist weather patterns. As plants and animals die and decay, humus forms. Humus is rich in organic matter and helps soil hold water and provides nutrients that help plants grow.

Question 2 Answer List the four agents of erosion. Chapter Review Question 2 List the four agents of erosion. Answer The four agents of erosion are gravity, ice, wind, and water. PS 2.1i

Question 3 Which is an example of a chemical change? Chapter Review Question 3 Which is an example of a chemical change? A. a rock eroded by acid B. boiling water C. evaporation D. melting ice PS 2.2h

Chapter Review Answer The answer is A. A chemical change occurs when the chemical composition of the original product changes. When carbonic acid comes into contact with certain rocks, the rocks dissolve and a new product is left in its place.

Chapter Review Question 4 A large sandstone boulder is weathered to form several smaller sandstone boulders. What is this an example of? A. acid dissolution B. a change in state C. a chemical change D. a physical change PS 2.1h

Chapter Review Answer The answer is D. The weathered rocks have the same chemical composition of the original rock, they have just been broken into smaller pieces over time.

Question 5 Answer What five factors affect soil formation? Chapter Review Question 5 What five factors affect soil formation? Answer Type of parent rock being weathered, topography of an area, climate, time, and organisms in the soil all affect soil formation. PS 2.1h

Question 1 What occurs when heavy moisture saturates Standardized Test Practice Question 1 What occurs when heavy moisture saturates sediments and causes them to flow downhill over the ground’s surface? PS 2.1h

A. creep B. mudflow C. rock slide D. slump Standardized Test Practice PS 2.1h

Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. Mudflows are a mixture of water and sediment that flow downhill over the ground’s surface.

Question 2 Which is an accumulation of silt deposited by wind? Standardized Test Practice Question 2 Which is an accumulation of silt deposited by wind? A. loess B. outwash C. rill D. till PS 2.1i

Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Wind can blow fine sediment or silt. When this sediment is deposited, an accumulation called loess can blanket Earth’s surface.

Standardized Test Practice Question 3 This photo of moss growing on a rock is an example of _______? PS 2.1h

A. chemical weathering B. creep C. erosion D. mechanical weathering Standardized Test Practice A. chemical weathering B. creep C. erosion D. mechanical weathering PS 2.1h

Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is A. Plant roots produce tannin which can form tannic acid. This acid can dissolve minerals in rock.

Standardized Test Practice Question 4 What results when wind leaves behind particles that are too heavy to move? A. abrasion B. deflation C. glacial deposition D. sheet flow PS 2.1i

Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is B. When wind blows over the land it lifts and carries small particles like silt and sand. Often, heavy rocks that are too heavy to be lifted by wind are left behind. This is called deflation.

Standardized Test Practice Question 5 When storm water flows through a sewer it is an example of ________? A. glacial erosion B. gravitational erosion C. sheet erosion D. wind erosion PS 2.1i

Standardized Test Practice Answer The answer is C; thin sheets of water flow downhill and carry loose sediment with it.

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