Remote Detection of Life on Earth ….inferences from EPOXI

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Presentation transcript:

Remote Detection of Life on Earth ….inferences from EPOXI Drake Deming May 4, 2009

What I’m Going to Discuss..... About the EPOXI mission We also observe transiting exoplanets…. Earth-as-an-extrasolar-planet Validation of the VPL Inversion of rotational light curves

History of EPOXI Deep Impact Prime mission impacted Comet Tempel-2 in July 2005, then the flyby spacecraft entered a storage orbit 2006 Discovery AO, solicited re-use as Mission-of-Opporunity. Selections included: Extrasolar Planet Observations and Characterization (EPOCh, D. Deming et al.) - Use the CCD imager to acquire high-precision transit photometry - Known, bright, transiting systems (follow-up, not discovery) Deep Impact eXtended Investigation (DIXI, M. A’Hearn et al.) Selection Letters dictated a combined investigation for Step-2 EPOCh + DIXI = EPOXI.....voila! EPOXI was confirmed for Step-2 in October 2007 “Nice acronym.....” - Alan Stern

EPOCh Science Team Drake Deming (GSFC), Principal Investigator David Charbonneau (Harvard), Deputy P.I. Sarah Ballard (CfA) Richard Barry (GSFC) Nick Cowan (Univ. Wash) Jessie Christiansen (CfA) Don Hampton (U. Alaska) Tilak Hewagama (U. MD) Matt Holman (SAO) Marc Kuchner (GSFC) Carey Lisse (APL) Timothy Livengood (NCESSE) Vikki Meadows (U. Wash.) Tyler Robinson (U. Wash) Alfred Schultz (GSFC) Sara Seager (MIT) Joseph Veverka (Cornell) Dennis Wellnitz (U. MD)

EPOCh transiting planet data... For higher S/N photometry improved radii for the giant planets reflected light - or thermal emission rings and moons detection of even smaller planets transit timing to ~ seconds precision Continuous coverage discovery of smaller planets Trojan planets? EPOCh transit of a Neptune-sized planet in GJ 436 Capitalize the defocus...!

EPOXI Earth Observing Scale EPOXI is sufficiently far to get an accurate global view …but close enough for high S/N and spatial identification of key spectral components

EPOXI Earth Observations Imaging in all HRI filters hourly, (some at 15 min cadence) IR spectroscopy twice hourly Study the Earth-as-an-exoplanet: rotational light curves inversion mapping Red-edge of vegetation reflectance model-independent spectroscopy validation of the VPL

IR-green-blue vs. Red-green-blue “let me be very clear: the following is just about the coolest thing I have ever seen” - Phil Plait Image deconvolutions by Don Lindler (GSFC)

Validation of the VPL: “Before EPOXI” data model, w/o glint model, w/glint

Validation of the VPL: “After EPOXI” !! data model

Inversion Mapping of Earth Sum the EPOXI data spatially - Earth as single pixel Ecliptic plane view Use PCA to infer what spectral components are present ...then invert the time history of those components as the Earth rotates

Alien Maps of an Ocean-Bearing World Inversion maps show oceans and continents, but with no latitude resolution TPF will be able to infer the presence of oceans on Earth-like Exoplanets (Mapping of vegetation is still an open issue)