《Plant tissue culture》Chapter 1 Introduction ——keynote speaker Hong Sen-rong（Associate professor ） （College of Life Sciences ）

Totipotency Growth regulators Plant tissue culture

Section 1 Basic concept of plant tissue culture Sterile, manual control, culture medium, regenerated cells or whole plants. Also known as plant culture in vitro.

2、Characteristics of plant tissue culture （1）Sterile （2）Artificial culture medium （3）Culture materials：Organ，tissue，cell —— explants

（4）Clone or organ (root and bud) （5）Enclosed container （6）Temperature, light intensity, time: all been artificially set.

3、Research types and tasks of plant tissue culture ②Organ culture ③Embryo culture ④Cell culture ⑤Protoplast culture

（2）Research task Production of secondary metabolites Germplasm innovation and variety breeding Rapid propagation Virus-free plantlet cultivation Artificial seed production Conservation in vitro of Germplasm Resources

Section 2 Formation and development of plant tissue culture 1、Pioneering of plant tissue culture （1）Cell theory （2）First papers on plant tissue culture：

G. Haberlandt，1902，Germany Put forward： Totipotency

Experiment material ：Wild sesame野芝麻

Experiment material ： dayflower鸭跖草

Experiment material ： Eichhornia凤眼兰

Experiment material： Ornithogalum caudatum 虎眼万年青

Selected materials： Palisade cell

Epidermal cells

Epidermal hair

Knop culture medium（balanced nutrient solution） 1865，Knop， a variety of chemical composition （proportion of different components） But it is a pity for him to fail? WHY?

2、foundation of plant tissue culture 1933: China, Li Jidong and Shen Tong: the use of natural extracts of tissue culture.

1926-1948: Plant hormones have been found. Auxin——IAA

1953: W.H.Muir，liquid culture. Cell suspension culture

1958: The discovery of somatic embryo.

Similar to zygotic embryo

3、The establishment of plant tissue culture 1960，G. Morel. He obtained the PLBs by shoot tip culture, cultured Cymbidium hubridum virus-free plants and achieved a rapid propagation method, which developed into the orchid industry.

PLBs protocorm-like bodies Cymbidium hubridum

1962: Murashinge and Skoog, medium in tobacco, is now widely used —— famous MS medium.

1960：E. C. Cocking started protoplast culture.

1972：P.S.Carlson, protoplast fusion.

1953-1982：Pollen culture.

1969：The major medicinal components were produced in cell suspension culture.

Section 3 Application and prospect of plant tissue culture 1、 Rapid propagation in-vitro 2、Virus-free plantlet cultivation 3、Cultivation of new varieties and new species

Variety improvement and distant hybridization Selection in vitro of mutants Haploid 单倍体 breeding

4、Secondary metabolite production Ginsenoside人参皂苷 , paclitaxel紫杉醇 , shikonin 紫草素 etc.. 5、conservation In vitro of plant germplasm resources Save manpower, material resources and land.

6、Artificial seed：1978 Murashinge.

New germplasms were created by plant gene engineering techniques;

Plant cell culture and its production of secondary metabolites on a large scale.

See you next week！