Melanie Chapman Computers 8 Nutrition Melanie Chapman Computers 8

Carbohydrates made of sugars most important energy source for body (chemical) in: fruits, veggies, starchy foods, wheat 2 types= simple (sugars) and complex (starches) simple & complex depend on # of molecules 1 gram= 4.5cal of energy

Fats 1of 3 nutrients supplying calories provide 9 cal per gram storage for body’s extra calories 2 major types=saturated and unsaturated saturated=in meat, dairy, eggs unsaturated=in veggies and plants made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Protein help build & maintain bones, muscles, skin 50-65 grams per day can be obtained from meat, milk, alternatives consist of chains of amino acids include; enzymes, hormones, antibodies necessary for proper function essential for growth and repair of tissue

Fibre indigestible part of plants includes; cellulose, hemi-cellulose, lignin, pectin and gums 2 basic fibre types: soluble & insoluble insoluble: Found in whole grains and veggies Includes cellulose and lignin soluble: Found in plant foods and oat bran 25-50 g per day provided in fruit, veggies, beans and baked potatoes

Vitamins substances found in food we eat 13 kinds=2 types vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C, D, E, & K 2 types=fat soluble & water soluble fat soluble= stored in body’s tissues need to grow to develop and grow properly all vitamins play different role to survive

Water 2 parts hrdrogen,1 part oxygen makes up more than 2/3 of body important for mechanics of body a clear colourless liquid most essential element to survival 2% drop=dehydration depend on it for function

Minerals essential to humans for normal body function need at least 100mg a day 7 major minerals= calcium iron magnesium phosphorus selenium potassium sodium zinc excessive intake leads to illness

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