Atoms and the periodic table Ch 4 Exceptional interactive periodic table Atomic Radius graph - PBS Yr 10 Chem wiki Introduction to Atomic Structure - Australian - Youtube 13 mins The periodic table Groups and Periods Australian - youtube 14 mins

Atoms - the particles that make up all materials, the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction. Nucleus - heavy core at the centre of the atom, made of protons and neutrons - positively charged Electron - subatomic particle that has a negative charge and found in orbitals around the nucleus Proton - subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom Neutron - neutrally charge subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom Atomic number - number of protons in an atom

Electron configuration Electron configuration - the specific arrangement and location of electrons in electron shells Electron shells/orbits - energy levels/regions surrounding the nucleus where electrons may be found Element - pure substance composed of neutrally charged atoms with the same atomic number/number of protons Ground state - the lowest energy arrangement of an atom's electrons in energy levels (shells) Indirect evidence - evidence that does not involve direct observation Molecule - substance made of two or more atoms bonded together - eg water, oxygen gas, sodium chloride, methane

Periodic table Periodic table - a list of all known elements arranged in increasing atomic number Periods - horizontal rows that represent the number of electron shells or orbital levels Groups - vertical columns; determined by the increasing number of electrons in the outer shell and protons in the nucleus. Alkali Metals - Group 1 elements (1+) lithium, sodium, potassium etc Alkaline earth metals - Group 2 elements (2+) beryllium, magnesium, calcium etc

Transition elements - Groups 3-12 scandium to zinc - block of metallic elements with atomic numbers covering Post-transition metals - aluminium, tin, lead etc Semi-metals/metalloids - boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As) etc Non-metals - hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium (not listed in other groups) Halogens - Group 17 elements (1-) fluorine, chlorine, bromine etc Noble gases - Group 18 - Elements in the far right column/group are inert gases - Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton etc

Lanthanides * - metallic elements with atomic numbers 58-71 lanthanum to lutetium Actinides * - metallic elements with atomic numbers 90-103 actinium to lawrencium Allotropes - formed from the same pure element, but with a different molecular structure eg diamond and graphite Organic compound - that is or was living and contains carbon Organic molecules - molecules that have a backbone of carbon atoms

Bonding Ion An atom that has a positive (lost electron) or negative charge (gained electron) Ionic bond A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions eg Na+Cl- Covalent bond A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule O2 gas, water, N2 gas Metallic bond a bond formed when many metal atoms share their pooled valence electrons Superscript valency + or - eg H+ or Cl- Subscript number of atoms O(2) Coefficient number of Molecules eg 2 NaCl

Ch 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 starting at page 141 Chemical Reactions wiki Questions 1-14 page 147 Chemical Equations - Part A Youtube 10 mins Chemical equations – Part B Youtube 9 mins