Artificial Intelligence “Let’s push the limits of possibilities” Submitted to: Prof Subhra Mathur By: Rajan Kumar CSE-3rd B, Roll no-12 A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Overview Introduction Possibilities What is needed to make AI Programing for AI Achievements till now A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Introduction Definition: ‘Ability to learn and apply them to solve problems is called intelligence.’ Now, the branch of Engineering which is dedicated to make computers behave like humans is called Artificial Intelligence. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Introduction Specifications: games playing: programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers. expert systems : programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations (for example, some expert systems help doctors diagnose diseases based on symptoms). natural language : programming computers to understand natural human languages neural networks : Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains. robotics : programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Is it possible ? Human Brain CPU of Computer So, the answer is ‘Yes’ Neuron 10 12 neurons in a human brain many more synapses (10 14) connecting these neurons cycle time: 10 -3 seconds (1 millisecond) 108 or more transistors per CPU supercomputer: hundreds of CPUs, 1012 bits of RAM cycle times: order of 10 - 9 seconds So, the answer is ‘Yes’ A presentation by Rajan Kumar

What is needed to make? Robots Vision Systems Natural Language processing Neural Networks Learning systems A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Robots We need specially designed robots, who are capable to run the commands. Their hardware, sensing systems, processor, and vision system should be designed in such a way that they can fulfil the need. The power source should be designed to work in the moments of disaster. Its materials should be selected to repair its damages by itself. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Vision Systems Vision system should be developed to recognise patterns, convert the gestures, postures into a specific signal which can be further processed by program to understand the reaction. Metals or other manufacturing materials should be capable to sense the touch, heat, cold, harm and pressure or force. It should hear, sense the matter. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Natural language processing Natural language processing refers to making computers to understand the natural languages. Till now software are available which can type whatever we speak. But the matter is not understood by computer. Making computers to differentiate between the meaning of words having similar pronunciations according to sentence. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Neural Networks Artificial neural networks are composed of interconnecting artificial neurons. Artificial neurons: programming constructs that mimic the properties of biological neurons. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Learning Systems There should selected domain of acknowledgements, from where computers can fetch data and can communicate with each other. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Programing for A.I Logics and Algorithms: AI works on different logics, they are not like traditional programing. Languages: Artificial intelligence researchers have developed several specialized programming languages for artificial intelligence which include IPL, Lisp, Prolog, STRIPS, Planner, POP-11 etc. LISP and PROLOG are famous. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Logics for AI Fuzzy logic Backward chaining Forward chaining A specialty research area in computer science that allows shades of gray and does not require everything to be simply yes/no, or true/false Backward chaining A method of reasoning that starts with conclusions and works backward to the supporting facts Forward chaining A method of reasoning that starts with the facts and works forward to the conclusions A presentation by Rajan Kumar

LISP Lisp is a family of computer programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized Polish prefix notation. The name LISP derives from "List Processing". Linked lists are one of Lisp languages' major data structures, and Lisp source code is itself made up of lists. As a result, Lisp programs can manipulate source code as a data structure, giving rise to the macro systems that allow programmers to create new syntax or even new domain-specific languages embedded in Lisp. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

PROLOG In Prolog, program logic is expressed in terms of relations, and a computation is initiated by running a query over these relations. In syntax and semantics following are considered: Data types Rules and facts Evaluation Loops Negation A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Achievements till now In May, 1997, an IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Achievements till now Honda designed a robot that can: Recognize movement, postures, gestures, the environment around it, sounds, and facial recognition Use the net for updates like news or weather A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Achievements till now Cortana is a fictional artificial intelligence with female programming in the Halo series of video games. Throughout the video games, Cortana assists Master Chief on his missions; she is instrumental in preventing the Halo installations from being fired. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Achievements till now Forzamotorasport is a racing simulator game in which it allows the gamer to drive. But the opponents are AI in which allows them to play as hard as you. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Achievements till now In 1997, a Robocup was organised. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Conclusion We have talked about: What is AI? Possibilities of AI How to create AI Programing languages for AI Logics for AI Achievements till now. A presentation by Rajan Kumar

“Artificial intelligence is nothing but Modelling of ourselves” Rajan Kumar (CSE, 2nd year JNCT) [Developer of Jnct.in and thelitratureoflove.com] For more visit: rkkingnotes.worpress.com A presentation by Rajan Kumar

Thank you! A presentation by Rajan Kumar