Trends Brian O’Meara EEB464 Fall 2017

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Presentation transcript:

Trends Brian O’Meara EEB464 Fall 2017 http://pinchmealfredo.blogspot.com/2008_11_01_archive.html http://scienceblogs.com/deepseanews/2007/04/why_is_the_giant_isopod_giant.php Brian O’Meara EEB464 Fall 2017

Learning objectives Understand kinds of biological trends Describe ways to test these trends

Widespread tendency of many animal groups to grow towards larger sizes Cope’s Rule Widespread tendency of many animal groups to grow towards larger sizes http://darwiniana.org/horses.htm

What could explain a trend? How would you test it?

MCSHEA. MECHANISMS OF LARGE-SCALE EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS MCSHEA. MECHANISMS OF LARGE-SCALE EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS. Evolution (1994) vol. 48 (6) pp. 1747-1763

MCSHEA. MECHANISMS OF LARGE-SCALE EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS MCSHEA. MECHANISMS OF LARGE-SCALE EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS. Evolution (1994) vol. 48 (6) pp. 1747-1763

Alroy . Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals. Science (1998) vol. 280 (5364) pp. 731-734

Alroy . Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals. Science (1998) vol. 280 (5364) pp. 731-734

Alroy . Cope's rule and the dynamics of body mass evolution in North American fossil mammals. Science (1998) vol. 280 (5364) pp. 731-734

Alroy. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages Alroy. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages. Paleobiology (2000) vol. 26 (3) pp. 319-329

Wang. Accounting for unequal variances in evolutionary trend mechanisms. Paleobiology (2005) vol. 31 (2) pp. 191-198

Alroy. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages Alroy. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages. Paleobiology (2000) vol. 26 (3) pp. 319-329

on right, open and closed are different clades with different starting points. Note how hard to tell apart the subfigures are Alroy. Understanding the dynamics of trends within evolving lineages. Paleobiology (2000) vol. 26 (3) pp. 319-329

Laurin. The evolution of body size, Cope's rule and the origin of amniotes. Syst Biol (2004) vol. 53 (4) pp. 594-622

Laurin. The evolution of body size, Cope's rule and the origin of amniotes. Syst Biol (2004) vol. 53 (4) pp. 594-622

Time Hunt and Roy. Climate change, body size evolution, and Cope's Rule in deep-sea ostracodes. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America (2006) vol. 103 (5) pp. 1347-1352

Hunt and Roy. Climate change, body size evolution, and Cope's Rule in deep-sea ostracodes. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America (2006) vol. 103 (5) pp. 1347-1352

Novack-Gottshall and Lanier Novack-Gottshall and Lanier. Scale-dependence of Cope's rule in body size evolution of Paleozoic brachiopods. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America (2008) vol. 105 (14) pp. 5430-5434