Itroduction Types of bricks Classification of bricks Bonds Brick Masonry Itroduction Types of bricks Classification of bricks Bonds

Patel gaurav Patel mitiksha Patel sashin Patel shreepal Patel riken Patoliya divyesh

Introduction:- The construction of brick units bonded together with mortar is known as brick masonry. Thus, the essential components of brick masonry are brick and mortar. The strength of brick masonry depends upon quality and strength of brick, type of mortar and method of bonding adopted in construction. The mortar used in brick masonry act as cementing material as well as provides strength. The mortar used in brick masonry may be of various type, such as cement mortar, lime mortar, cement-lime-mortar, and mud mortar.

Types of bricks:- The brick used in masonry are two types, Standard modular brick Traditional bricks

Standard modular brick:- Actual size:- 19cm * 9cm * 9cm

Traditional brick:-  

Classification of brick:- The masonry bricks are classified into three type deepending upon their quality. First class brick Second class brick Third class brick

First class brick:- First class brick strictly confirm to the standard size of modular brick i.e 19cm*9cm*9cm. Actual size such that ten layers of brick laid in mortar will from masonry of 1 meter height. Good brick are manufactured from good quality plastic earth free from saline deposits. They are of good uniform colour, well brunt, hard ringing sound emitted when struck with each other. They have straight edges and even surface. They are free from cracks, chips, flaws, and nodules.

First class brick:-

Second class brick:- They confirm to the standard size, but slightly irregular in shape and colour. They are fully burnt and ringing sound emitted when struck.

Second class brick:-

Third class brick:- They are quite irregular in their size, shape and finish. They are not burnt fully, reddish yellow colour. They have low crushing strength . They are not used for good quality of brick masonry.

Third class brick:-

Bond in brick work:- Bond is arrangement of bricks in courses, so that the brick are tied together and vertical joints of the successive courses do not done in the same vertical line. Thus, the bonds are essential to eliminate continuous vertical joints in the masonry wall to provide strength and stability to the structure.

Rules for bonding:- Some of the rules to be observed for getting a good bond are as follows: The amount of lap should be minimum one-fourth brick along the length of the wall one-half brick across the thickness of the wall. The brick should be of uniform size to get uniform lap. The stretchers should be used in the facing. The hearting should be carried out with headers only. The use of brickbats should be discouraged except under special circumstances. The vertical joint in the alternate course should be along the same perpend.

Types of bonds:- The various type of bonds with their patented names have been constructed. Following are the types of bonds in brickwork: Stretcher bond Header bond English bond Flemish bond Garden-wall bond Raking bond Dutch bond Facing bond English cross bond Zig-zag bond

Stretcher bond:- In this type of bond, all the bricks are arranged in the stretcher courses. The stretcher bond is useful for one-brick partition wall as there are no headers in such walls.

Header bond:- In this type of bond, all the bricks are arranged in header courses. This bond does not have strength to transmit pressure in the direction of the length of the wall. Hence it is not suitable for load bearing walls. However this bond is used is used for curved surface in brickwork because stretchers, if used for curved surfaces, would project beyond the face of the wall.

English bond:- This type of bond is generally used in practice. It is considered as the strongest bond in brickwork. The alternate courses consist of stretchers and headers. The queen closer is put next to the quoin header to develop the face lap. Each header is centrally supported over stretcher.

Flemish bond:- In this type of bond, the headers are distributed evenly and hence, it creates a better appearance than the English bond.

Garden-wall bond:- This type of bond, as the name suggests, is used for the construction of the boundary walls, compound wall, garden wall, etc. The wall may be constructed either in the English bond or the Flemish bond as shown in fig..

Raking bond:- Three types of raking bond; Diagonal bond Herring-bone bond Zig-zag bond

Dutch bond:- This is a modified from of the English bond and by this bond, the corner of the wall is strengthened.

Facing bond:- In this type of bond, a header course is placed after several stretcher courses. It is found that the facing bond is not structurally good and hence the distribution of load is not uniform.

English cross bond:- This is another modified from of English bond and it is used to add beauty in the appearance of the wall.

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