World War II.

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Presentation transcript:

World War II

I. American Involvement in WWII FDR recognizes Soviet Union Neutrality Acts Neutrality Act 1935: No U.S. weapons to any “belligerent” nation 2nd Neutrality Act 1936: No U.S. $ to any nation at war 3rd Neutrality Act: Previous laws permanent; no passengers on warring ships “Cash-and-carry”

6. Destroyers for bases

II. FDR Prepares 1938begins to prepare Isolation or Intervention? Selective Service Actages 21-35 1940FDR elected to 3rd term 4 Freedoms Speech Religion From want From fear

FDR Prepares (cont’d) Lend-Lease Act: Britain gets U.S. war materials Atlantic Charter Self-determination Free trade 1940- Sel.Ser.males 18-65

III. Wartime Mobilization 260,000 women enlisted 2. Women’s Army Corps

Women Appointed for Voluntary Emergency Service (WAVES)

4. Women’s Auxiliary Ferrying Squandron Office of War Mobilization Unemployment vanishes

Wartime Mobilization(cont’d) Price Administration Economic Stabilization Price floors/ceilings Tax code Rationing

Wartime Mobilization(cont’d) 9. Americans savedhelp spending after the war Nation debt ↑ $200 bill. War bonds OWI (Office of War Information)

IV. Women and Minorities During Wartime “Rosie the Riveter” Women earned 2/3 of male salary.

Women and Minorities During Wartime (cont’d) Afr.-Am. move to industrial centers Race riots

5. Mex. Am.-return under bracero program Zoot Suit Riots Nat. Am.- enlisted; Navajo Code Talkers

Bracero Program

Navajo Code Takers

V. Japanese

Japanese (cont’d) 100,000 Japanese Am. relocated; citizens Executive Order 9066 Fear that Japanese-American citizens might turn on the U.S. Only 30% foreign born Korematsu v. United States, 1944

VI. Diplomacy and Conferences

Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d) Big Three: FDR, Churchill, Stalin Casablanca, Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam 1943, Casablanca Invade Sicily “Unconditional Surrender” Nov. 1943—Tehran Seeds of D-Day sown Stalin declare war against Japan

Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d) 1st disagreements Stalin wanted a “buffer zone” Churchill wanted a free Europe Feb. 1945, Yalta Stalin agreed to go to war w/Japan in 90 days Free Eastern Europe w/free elections “Skeleton” of the UN Germany divided into 4 zones

Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d) April 12, 1945—FDR dies Potsdam Conference (Post-Nazi defeat) Truman, Atlee, Stalin Unconditional Surrender of Japan; war-crimes tribunals; occupation of Germany Much disagreementbrink of a breakup