McCarthyism Second Red Scare.

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Presentation transcript:

McCarthyism Second Red Scare

2 Events add to fear of communism #1 Soviet Union has atomic weapons #2 China becomes communist Nationalist gov’t led by Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan Mao Zedong became the communist leader after winning the civil war

Communist investigations in the US House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in charge of investigating radical groups Federal Employees were also investigated to ensure their loyalty – Loyalty Review Board Proof that the Truman Administration would fight communism

Hollywood Ten HUAC called 10 Hollywood writers and directors to answer questions about their own beliefs and that of their friends They refused to answer so they were found guilty of contempt of Congress

After the case many in Hollywood gave up the names of possible Communists and those who did not were blacklisted Blacklisted = Hollywood employers would not hire them

Spy Cases Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, 1951 Accused of passing secrets to the Soviets Found guilty and executed

Spy Cases Alger Hiss, 1948 American gov’t official accused of being a spy Found top secret gov’t film at his farm Unable to be charged with spying (too many years passed since the incident) Convicted of lying under oath and sentenced to prison

Spy Cases Klaus Fuchs, 1950 Worked on Manhattan Project and gave atomic secrets to Soviets 14 years in prison

Senator McCarthy US Senator from Wisconsin In speech, he claimed to know of 205 known communists working for the US Department of State In a later speech he even waived a list of names

McCarthyism Senate committee looked into his claims but found no evidence American public still felt McCarthy was nation’s top communist fighter Used his fame to make even more accusations, which public believed McCarthy created fake photos of Senator Millard Tydings Americans believed photos and Tydings was defeated in next election

Thousands of people were fired for political reasons McCarthy’s fall came when he claimed the US Army was protecting communists This Senate hearing was televised and Americans saw first hand McCarthy’s controversial interrogation tactics McCarthy lost all Credibility after the hearing