Towards an Independent Ireland,

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Presentation transcript:

Towards an Independent Ireland, 1900-22

Ireland in 1900 Colony of Britain Part of British Empire since Act of Union (1800) Had no govt. Ruled by Westminster-parliament in London Irish MPs had to go there. No Northern Ireland state Lord Lieutenant (Viceroy) and Chief Secretary represented the king and British govt.

Nationalists Nationalists wanted changes in the way Ireland was ruled. They wanted some form of self-govt, with a parliament in Dublin Largest nationalist group was the Home Rule party led by John Redmond. Mainly Catholics in South of Ireland

Unionists Didn’t want Home Rule Wanted to stay part of British Empire Supported the Unionist Party Led by Craig and Carson Mainly Protestants Lived in North – No Northern Ireland yet though

Carson

Home Rule Nationalists want HR Would be an Irish government Ruled ourselves Made our own laws – internal affairs Still technically owned by Britain Britain would decide our foreign affairs The king would still be head of the country

Why Home Rule? Catholics felt they didn’t belong to the Protestant United Kingdom Poverty – felt we would be richer if we ruled ourselves National Identity – we had our own traditions, culture, language

Why unionists supported the union The North was prosperous because of trade with Britain Especially the ship building industries and textile (clothes) industry Exported goods through British Empire Afraid of Catholics ruining Ireland Home Rule is Rome Rule British identity – they felt British Descendants had come over in Plantations Had British Culture

The Republican Movement Didn’t think Home Rule was enough – wanted full independence (No Republic) Extreme Nationalists Wanted to use violence to get rid of Britain Secret organisation called IRB Leaders = Thomas Clarke and Sean McDermott Not too popular in 1910

Thomas Clarke

Ireland losing its culture? Nationalists were afraid of Anglicisation Anglicisation: Ireland becoming more like England We spoke English Couldn’t speak Irish Played English games – soccer and rugby Nationalists worried we were losing our identity

The GAA Gaelic Athletic Association Set up in 1884 – Michael Cusack To promote Irish sports To make us proud of our traditions Huge success 1st All-Ireland Final in 1887

Gaelic League Set up in 1893 by Douglas Hyde To stop the decline in Irish language To make us proud of our heritage; language People like Patrick Pearse wanted Ireland to speak Irish Felt the only way we could do this was by getting rid of Britain So these organisations – GAA and Gaelic League – became linked with Republicanism

Douglas Hyde

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