International Collaboration at KEK M. Kobayashi

KEK：High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Legal status: Inter-University Research Institute Corporation Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies Institute of Materials Structure Science

Inter-University Research Institute Corporation National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU) National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Users: “university teachers and others who engage in the same research as the corporation conducts”

ICFA Guidelines

IUPAP Recommendations for the Use of Major Physics Users Facilities 22nd General Assembly of IUPAP (1996)

Top quark discovery at Tevatron Quark-gluon Plasma at RHIC Japan-US Collaboration Since 1979 M\ 1989 1990 1991 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Top quark discovery at Tevatron Quark-gluon Plasma at RHIC Observation of K+p+nn at AGS FERMI Gamma ray observatory CP studies at FNAL Development of innovative accelerators and detectors

Collaborations between DESY and Japanese institutes on high energy physics Initiated by professor Masatoshi Koshiba since 1973, DASP is the first large-scale Europe-Japan collaboration in high energy physics (yet O(10) physicists). JADE at PETRA 1976- ZEUS at HERA 1992- DASP at DORIS 1973- ZEUS is a collaboration with ~400 physicists (at peak) with Asian institutes from Japan, Korea, Malaysia, studying the proton structure with high energy ep collisions.

CERN-Japan Collaboration Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Contribution from Japan 13.85 B\ (~ 135 M US$) + 3 B\ for detector (ATLAS) ATLAS The data taking started in Nov 2009.

Major Facilities of KEK B-factory (Main campus) asymmetric electron-positron collider J-PARC (Tokai campus) accelerator complex with 3 GeV and 50 GeV PS Photon Factory (Main campus) 2.5 GeV Photon Factory storage ring 6.5 GeV PF-AR

J-PARC JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) Completed in 2009 Joint project with JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) Completed in 2009 proton target nucleus pion muon neutrino kaon anti-proton neutron

T2K experiment The first neutrino is detected at Super-K

Photon Factory (Light Source)

B-Factory

Physics of B-factory 1971　‘t Hooft : Renormalization of Non-Abelian gauge theory Renormalizable Electro-Weak Theory (Weinberg-Salam-Glashow ) 1973 Kobayashi, Maskawa How to accommodate CP violation What we found Not possible with three or four quarks Existence of unknown particles A possible candidate is six-quark model

Standard Model Development of Experiments 1974 Discovery of J/y particle c-quark ne nm nt　 e m t 1975 Discovery of t-lepton 1977 Discovery of U particle b-quark 1995 Discovery of t-quark Theory of Strong Interactions 1973 QCD Asymptotic freedom Quark confinement Standard Model

u d s c t b ne nm e m nτ τ The Standard Model Fundamental particles quarks ne nm e m nτ τ leptons Fundamental interactions Electromagnetic Weak Strong Weinberg-Salam-Glashow Theory QCD

CP violation experiments at B-factories B-factories at KEK and SLAC collider optimized for B-meson production asymmetric energy B meson

KEKB/Belle (Japan) PEP-II/BaBar (US) E(e-)=8GeV, E(e+)=3.5GeV Finite angle beam crossing Feature E(e-)=9GeV, E(e+)=3.1GeV Zero angle beam crossing Governmental Approval Experiment 1994 1993 May 1999 – still running May 1999 – Apr. 2008 Friendly competition of two experiments over a decade Lpeak = 1.7×1034/cm2/s Lpeak = 1.2×1034/cm2/s

15 countries, 62 institutes, about 400 researchers Belle: 15 countries, 62 institutes, about 400 researchers

Belle Members 15 Countries and Regions 62 Institution 409 Members

ACC (Aerogel Cherenkov counter) KLM (m / KL detection) 14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe CDC (drift chamber) Tracking + dE/dx small cell + He/C2H5 ECL CsI(Tl) 16X0 ACC (Aerogel Cherenkov counter) TOF (plastic scintillator bars) SVD (Si vtx. det. 3 lyr. DSSD) SC solenoid 1.5T 8GeV e- 3.5GeV e+

Belle, July 05 B0J/yKS B0J/yKS

CKMfitter Group (J. Charles et al. ), Eur. Phys. J CKMfitter Group (J. Charles et al.), Eur. Phys. J. C41, 1-131 (2005) [hep-ph/0406184], updated results and plots available at: http://ckmfitter.in2p3.fr

Number of Issued Papers Number of Physics Talks

PhD from the BELLE experiment

Review etc. B-factory Programme Advisory Committee 8 members ( 2 from Japan, 6 from abroad ) KEKB Review Committee 11 members from abroad

L = 8 x 1035 cm-2s-1 Super KEKB Belle II X 40 of KEKB ~300 members European participation Austria Czech republic Germany Poland Russia Slovenia I.Adachi (KEK) "SuperKEKB/Belle II" (poster)

International Linear Collider GDE: Global Design Effort Director: Barry Barish In KEK Linear Collider Project Office ATF/ATF2 (Accelerator Test Facility) ACFA: Asian Committee for Future Accelerator established in1996