Seven Principles of the Constitution

Personal rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights Individual Rights Personal rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights First 10 Amendments Examples: speech, religion, firearms, speedy trial by jury 6

Republicanism We are a republic. We believe in electing officials to represent our interests and make the laws for us. Example: Congress 6

Government officials must obey the laws just like ordinary citizens. Limited Government The government should have as little power over the people as possible. Government officials must obey the laws just like ordinary citizens. 7

The people give government its power Popular Sovereignty The people give government its power Government exists to serve the people Example: voting 8

Popular Sovereignty

Federalism The federal and state governments share some powers but each has some powers that the other does not. Examples: Both the federal and state government can tax citizens. Only the federal government can declare war. Only the state governments can set up a public school system. 9

Federalism Federal Laws State Laws

Checks and Balances Each branch can block the power of the other 2 branches. This prevents 1 branch from becoming too powerful or corrupt. Examples: The President can veto bills passed by Congress; The Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional; Congress must approve the President’s nominees for Supreme Court judges. 10

Checks and Balances

Our federal government is divided into 3 separate branches Separation of Powers Our federal government is divided into 3 separate branches Each branch has its own separate and specific duties and responsibilities 11

Separation of Powers 3 Branches Legislative Makes the laws Executive Enforces the laws Judicial Interprets the laws 11