Strategies, Leaders, and Battles

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Presentation transcript:

Strategies, Leaders, and Battles

Army Names Northern: Army of the Potomac, The Union, USA South: Army of Northern Virginia, Confederates, Rebels, CSA

Union’s Battle Plan Superior navy blockade ports Why? Men & boats go down Mississippi River Capture capital at Richmond Why called “Anaconda Plan”?

Union Strategy

Confederacy’ Battle Plan Fight defensive war and attack North whenever possible Pros? Cons?

Revolution in Warfare Rifle: more accurate & greater rate of fire than musket Minie Ball: soft lead bullet that is more deadly; WHY? Early hand grenades & mines How did inventions change the way battles were fought?

Battle of Bull Run When: July 21, 1861 Where: Near Manassas, Virginia (25 miles from D.C.) Commanders Union: McDowell Confederacy: Johnston and Beauregard

Summary: People picnicked as they watched inexperienced troops fight. “Stonewall” Jackson wins day Union retreat through picnics Victory to the Confederacy Important Outcome (So What): North Shocked Lincoln signed a bill for the enlistment of 500,000 men for up to three years of service

Northern Retreat from Bull Run

Battle of Fort Henry and Donelson When: February 6-16, 1862 Where: Tennessee Commanders Union: Grant and Foote Confederacy: Tilghman and Floyd

Fort Donelson Summary: Fort Henry Summary: Union forces attack fort on Tenn. River Heavy Union Naval attack Confederate’s surrender Fort Donelson Summary: Grant and forces attack Fort Donelson Confederates fail all out attack Union victory

Important Outcome (So What): Ensured Kentucky would stay in the Union Opened up Tennessee and Cumberland River for Union Military traffic

Battle of Shiloh When: April 1862 Where: Tennessee church Commanders: Union: Grant and Buell Confederacy: Johnston and Beauregard

Summary: Confederate surprise attack Grant had no scouts First part of the battle won by the South Grant reorganized and won the battle 25K killed, wounded, captured

Important Outcome (So What): Both sides experienced great losses Realized importance of look-outs Leaders realized the war would not end quickly

Battle of Shiloh