OVERVIEW OF HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS

ORGANIZATION CELL-----TISSUE-----ORGAN—SYSTEM— 1) CELLS IN BODY- 210 different kinds 2) TISSUES----nervous, adipose(fat); connective; muscle; etc. 3) ORGAN– group of tissues acting together to perform a similar function 4) SYSTEM- group of organs acting together to perform a similar function

HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS 1) Integumentary system– skin; 3 main functions ( protection, respond to environment; maintain body temperature) 2) Muscular system– movement 3) Skeletal system- support; production of blood cells 4) Digestive system- breakdown food into compounds that can be used by body; elimination of wastes; reabsorption of water 5) Endocrine system- hormones; regulates homeostasis “ equilibrium”

6) Nervous system= response to environment; maintain organ function; muscular movement 7) Respiratory system= delivers oxygen to blood and exports carbon dioxide to air 8) Circulatory system= delivers nutrients to cells and tissues; clotting of blood; immune cells 9) Excretory system= gets rid of excess nitrogen compounds and salts from the blood 10) Reproductive system 11) Immune system= helps fight off and protect from pathogens

INTERACTIONS OF BODY SYSTEMS MANY BODY SYSTEMS INTERACT TO PERFORM A TASK NEEDED FOR THE BODY.

Homeostasis “equlibrium” pH blood= 7.4 Internal temp= 98.6 F

ASSIGNMENT 1) Construct a chart or concept map of all the human body systems and their functions 2) Describe 2 tasks performed by the body that involves the interaction of 2 or more body system. List the task , the 2 systems involved and describe what each contributes to perform the function.

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM I. SKIN dermatology (derma=skin; ology= study of) derivatives include hair, nails, glands, and receptors

II. FUNCTIONS 1) regulation of body temperature 2) protection sweat glands) control of blood flow to the skin 2) protection as a physical barrier against abrasion, bacterial invasion, dehydration, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation 3) reception of stimuli specialized nerve endings for temperature (thermoreceptors), touch (tactile receptors), pressure, and pain 4) excretion perspiration – mainly water but includes small amounts of salts and several organic compounds 5)synthesis of vitamin D an important role of Vitamin D- stimulates the body to absorb calcium (Ca) & phosphorous (P) from foods in the intestine

TWO LAYERS OF SKIN A) EPIDERMIS– top layer; contains keratin (waterproofs) and cells that contain melanin ( skin color and absorbs UV) and carotene B) DERMIS– inner layer contains blood vessels, nerves, glands and hair follicles SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER OF FAT AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE UNDERNEATH

How skin regulates body temperature -Blood vessels dilate to release heat and constrict to conserve heat - Cool body through evaporation of sweat

BURNS First-degree burns are usually limited to redness the site of injury. These burns involve only the epidermis. Sunburns can be included as first degree burns. Second-degree burns manifest as blistering of the skin, and can involve more or less pain depending on the level of nerve involvement. Second-degree burns involve the dermis contact with boiling water. Third-degree burns occur when the epidermis is lost with damage to the subcutaneous tissue. Burn victims will exhibit charring and extreme damage of the epidermis, . Third-degree burns result in scarring and victims will also exhibit the loss of hair shafts and keratin. These burns may require grafting.