Warm-Up: Percent Error

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-Up: Percent Error 1) True value = 21.2g, Measured value = 17.7g 2) True value = 4.15ml, Measured value = 4.26 ml. 17% 2) 2.7%

Density

Mass: the amount of matter in an object Volume: the amount of space something takes up

m D= v The formula for density is: Density calculates the mass per unit of volume Physical property of matter/substances Provides information on how solids/liquids interact Ratio of a substance’s mass and volume The formula for density is: m D= v

To calculate density you need to do two things: To find the mass use a balance 2) To find the volume

How can we calculate the volume???? use a ruler (l x w x h) use a graduated cylinder for liquids water displacement method for irregular objects

The units for density are: g/cm3 (if we use the ruler for solids) g/mL (if we use the cylinder for liquids)

*Note: The density of a substance is unique to that substance – it’s like a fingerprint!

* Gasoline .67 g/mL Ice .92 g/cm3 Water 1.00 g/mL Sugar 1.587 g/mL Mercury 13.54 g/mL Gold 19.3 g/cm3 *

What if. . . We mix several different liquids together (water, gas, and mercury) in a two liter bottle, shake the bottle, and allow the liquids to settle. What would it look like? Densities Water 1.0 g/mL Gasoline 0.67 g/mL Mercury (a liquid metal) 13.545 g/mL

Gasoline .67 g/mL Water (liquid) 1.00 g/mL ** Mercury 13.54 g/mL This is called a density column! Gasoline Water Mercury

Solving Density Problems 1st: write down the equation 2nd: write down what you are given (include the units) 3rd: make sure you don’t have to convert units 4th: SOLVE!

Example 1: A student obtains a mass of 5 Example 1: A student obtains a mass of 5.03 g for a metal and a volume of 3.24 ml? 1.55 g/ml

Example 2: What is the volume of a substance with a density of 0 Example 2: What is the volume of a substance with a density of 0.824 g/ml and a mass of 0.451g? 0.547 ml

Example 3: A student records V1= 2. 7ml and V2= 3 Example 3: A student records V1= 2.7ml and V2= 3.4 ml after placing an object in a graduated cylinder. The mass of an empty beaker is 1.13g and the mass of both the beaker and substance is 4.13g. What is the object’s density? 4.3 g/ml