Bellringer: 10/24 and 10/25 1. Pick up the papers by the door. 2. Update your ToC: Page 35: Notes: Chinese Philosophies Page 36: Unit 2 Study Guide 3. Write down your HW: Read pages 33-34 in your DUIKER textbook and take notes Begin reviewing your study guide (your test is on 11/1 for 1st/2nd and 11/2 for 6th)

Agenda: 10/24 and 10/25 1. Bellringer 2. Reading Check: Duiker pgs. 72-78 3. Notes: Three Chinese Philosophies 4. Exit Ticket: Hinduism vs. Buddhism Comparison Review 5. Pass Out Study Guide

What is “philosophy”? With a neighbor, discuss these questions: What does the word “philosophy” mean? What is the point of having a philosophy? Why is it important?

What is “philosophy”? “Philosophy” comes from Greek roots: philo = love and sophia = wisdom The study of truths or principles A system of beliefs to guide everyday life

Three Chinese Philosophies

How do these philosophies come to prominence in China? When? The late Zhou dynasty and during the Warring States period Why? Great power struggles between states (kingdoms) create instability Rulers searched for best way to govern to restore peace and stability to China These 3 philosophies = try to solve this desire to restore peace and stability

Chinese Philosophies Stations 1. You will spend ~10-15 minutes at each station. At each station, you will work on the assigned Chinese philosophy reading and fill in the chart accordingly. 2. At the 4th station, you will find your Unit 2 Study Guide. Here, begin “stoplighting” your Study Guide in preparation for your test. 3. At the study guide station, add the following terms: Zoroastrianism, imperial bureaucracy, Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, Darius, Royal Road

Relationship with others: Confucianism Founder: Confucius (Kong Fuzi) Arrived in China… During the Period of Warring Years Basic outlook on life: People are basically good at heart Relationships will create order, so strong rules aren’t necessary (disagreement with Legalism here) Goal(s): Create a just and peaceful society Maintain relationships and responsibilities in society Perform your Dao (duty) = creates harmony and peace in society Relationship with others: Life is centered around relationships Relationships are central to a functional society Symbol: Founder: Kongfuzi, also called Confucius Arrived during: Period of Warring Years Goal: Just and peaceful society Belief: Society is based on relationships. When people act properly in their relationships, society thrives Respect and obey those above you, set good example for those below you Wisdom in word and action is more important than wealth

Relationship with others: Daoism Founder: Lao Zi (Lao Tzu) – same person, different names Arrived in China… During the Period of Warring Years Basic outlook on life: Focus on the individual Maintain the balance of nature – keep all forces in balance with each other Life is a duality (good vs. evil, light vs. dark, etc.) Goal(s): Understand your role and your relationship to nature Create harmony with nature by living in guidance with nature, acting spontaneously Relationship with others: Daoism is about the individual, not relationships Care more about the relationship between a person and nature, not between different people Symbol: Founder: Laozi, a Zhou court advisor Goal: Create harmony by finding natural balance Belief: The Dao, or “Way” is a force that gives order to the universe Nature is full of opposites, represented by yin and yang (i.e. light & dark, life & death) Avoid feeling self-important or trying to achieve wealth and fame—it is not natural Laws and rules prevent natural harmony, so a ruler should rule as little as possible

Relationship with others: Legalism Founder: Han Fei-tzu Arrived in China… During the Period of Warring Years Basic outlook on life: People are inherently bad and will make bad decisions Strict laws and harsh punishments are necessary to curb this natural proclivity towards bad behavior People cannot be trusted Goal(s): Create peace and order through strict laws and punishments Keep people from disrupting or harming the government Relationship with others: Personal relationships NOT important in Legalism Symbol: Founder: Hanfeizi, a prince from Han state Goal: create peace and order through strict laws Belief: People are selfish and cannot be trusted, even family members Rulers should use strict laws and absolute power to create order Reward good behavior, but punish bad behavior severely